基于IBM技巧模型对酒精依赖患者实施健康教育策略

Investigation on the intervention effect of health education implementation for alcohol dependence patients based on IBM skill model

目的采用信息-动机-行为模式(IMB)干预酒精依赖患者,为实施健康教育提供新的策略。方法将89例出院后获临床痊愈或好转的酒精依赖患者随机分为研究组和对照组,两组均接受常规健康教育、康复指导及电话随访,研究组另行实施IMB健康教育,分析干预前后两组患者酒精依赖量表(ADS)、密西根酒精依赖调查表(MAST)、酒精依赖防治知识(自制问卷)的实施效果。结果①研究组复饮率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);②出院后3、6个月,研究组MAST量表及ADS量表均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);③随访6个月后,研究组患者及家属在对酒精依赖知识均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论对酒精依赖患者实施IMB健康教育能明显降低复饮率,减少躯体依赖及心理依赖,提高患者对酒精依赖的防治能力。

Objective Using the information-motivation-behavior model(IMB)to intervene with the alcohol dependence patients and provide a new strategy for implementing health education.Methods Eighty-nine patients with alcohol dependence,who clinically recovered or improved after the discharge,were randomly divided into a research group and a control group.Both groups received routine health education,rehabilitation guidance and a follow-up call.The research group implemented additional IMB health education.The implementation effect on alcohol dependence scale(ADS),Michigan alcoholism screening test(MAST),and alcohol dependence prevention and treatment knowledge(self-designed questionnaire)of the two groups before and after intervention was analyzed.Results The relapse rate of the research group was lower than that the control group,which was statistically significant(P<0.05).MAST scale and ADS scale in the research group were lower than those in the control group within 3 months and 6 months after the discharge,which was significant(P values of both scales<0.05).After the 6-month follow-up,the knowledge of alcohol dependence patients in the research group and their families was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion IMB health education implementation for alcohol dependence patients significantly reduced the relapse rate,decreased physical and psychological dependence,and improved the ability of patients to prevent and control alcohol dependence.