高原不同海拔地区儿童肺活量肺通气量与形态指标的相关性

Correlation analysis between vital capacity,pulmonary ventilation and morphological parameters among children living in different altitude Areas

目的了解高原不同海拔地区儿童肺活量肺通气量与形态指标的相关性,以便为制定高原性疾病防控策略提供参考依据。方法于2019年1月至2020年6月采用随机抽样调查法,选择青海西宁地区(海拔2260 m,低海拔组)、青海海西地区(海拔2900 m,中海拔组)、青海玉树地区(海拔4493 m,高海拔组)7~15岁中小学生作为研究对象,检测受试儿童肺活量、肺通气量和形态指标。结果低海拔组、中海拔组、高海拔组肺活量、肺通气量和形态指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。肺活量、肺通气量与肺容积呈正比关系,与肺密度、肺径线呈反比关系(P<0.05)。研究数据的logistic回归分析显示,影响儿童肺活量和肺通气量的因素有以下3个:肺密度平均值、全肺横径、全肺容积,且以上因素差异间有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论监测儿童形态指标,关注肺密度平均值、全肺横径、全肺容积可有效判断儿童肺功能,对防治相关高原性疾病的发生具有一定价值。

Objective To investigate the correlation between vital capacity,pulmonary ventilation and morphological parameters among children living in different altitude areas,so as to provide a reference basis for the development of prevention and control strategies for high altitude illness.Methods From January 2019 to June 2020,primary and secondary school students aged 7 to 15 years old were randomly selected from three different altitude areas,which were Xining(2260m,low altitude group),Haixi(2900m,medium altitude group),and Yushu(4493m,high altitude group),respectively.The vital capacity,pulmonary ventilation and morphological parameters of the selected children were recorded.Results The vital capacity,pulmonary ventilation and morphological parameters showed statistically significant difference among three groups(P<0.05).The vital capacity and pulmonary ventilation were positively correlated with lung volume,but negatively correlated with lung density and lung artery diameter(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that there were three factors affecting children′s vital capacity and lung ventilation:mean lung density,total lung transverse diameter,and total lung volume(P<0.05).Conclusion The monitoring of lung morphological indexes,mean lung density,total lung transverse diameter,and total lung volume can effectively judge children′s lung function,and have certain value in the prevention and treatment of related high-altitude illness.