“东北与南开”--再论端木蕻良《科尔沁旗草原》的写作

“The Northeast of China and Nankai School”:Re-examining Duanmu Hongliang’s The Ke’erqin Banner Grasslands

1933年12月,年仅21岁的曹京平(端木蕻良)创作完成了自己真正意义上的第一部小说《科尔沁旗草原》,这一经由"九·一八"国难激发而成的文学行动其实有着更为深远的思想根源。1922至1931年间,端木不仅深受南开学校"开拓精神"的濡染,更是沉浸在这所学校独特而浓郁的东北文化氛围之中,由此得以融合关内外文化,在中华民族共同体的视域中重审故乡。尤有要者,张伯苓校长以其特有的远见卓识早在1927年即创办东北研究会,在全国的中学和大学中率先开展有关东北史地的学术研究与教学实践,"以求发达实业而保国土"。作为该校最为积极的东北研究会会员之一,年轻的端木得到了彼时中国最为优秀的东北研究的学术熏陶,这为其日后写作《科尔沁旗草原》提供了弥足珍贵的知识准备和至关重要的文学自信,从而"直立"起一个苦难深重但却朝气蓬勃的"新"东北。

In December 1933,at the age of twenty-one,Cao Jingping(Duanmu Hongliang)completed his first novel The Ke’erqin Banner Grasslands(科尔沁旗草原).His writing was motivated and had deep historical origin in relation to the September 18 th Incident.From 1922 to 1931,Duanmu was not only immersed in the"pioneering spirit"of the Nankai School,but also indulged in the atmosphere of China’s Northeastern culture.Hence,by re-examining his hometown from the perspective of the Chinese national community,he combined the culture within Shanhaiguan and the culture beyond it.In particular,President Zhang Bolin of Nankai,early on,established the Northeast Research Association in 1927.It took the lead in conducting academic research and teaching on Northeast history and geography in high schools and universities across the country,"in pursuit of industrial development to protect the motherland".As one of the most active members of the Northeast Research Association,a youthful Duanmu obtained the best academic training on Northeast research in China.Such experiences provided him significant academic preparation and literary confidence for his writing of The Ke’erqin Banner Grasslands,therefore,he described a"new"Northeast,suffering but full of vigor.