‘龙麦35’与寒地多年生麦草杂交后代的分子细胞遗传分析

Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis of Hybrid Progenies between’Longmai35’and Cold-hardy Perennial Grasswheat

本研究利用黑龙江省哈尔滨地区冬季寒冷的气候特点以及形态学和分子细胞遗传学研究手段,对‘龙麦35’与6份寒地多年生麦草杂交后代F1进行选育和分析。结果表明,寒地多年生麦草同中间偃麦草染色体组构成一致,具有出色的抗寒性;寒地多年生麦草1-1-4和7-31花期同‘龙麦35’同步,杂交结实率明显高于其他组合。杂种F1为两亲中间型,植株成活率低,减数分裂时期寒地多年生麦草的染色体可同‘龙麦35’染色体发生配对,但染色体组配对不完全,单价体数量多于二价体,导致植株不育。F_(1)植株虽不具有抗寒性,但具有割后再生性。8个F_(1)株系,仅株系F_(1)18731结实,GISH检测结果表明,F_(2)18731染色体组带有27条‘龙麦35’染色体,14条麦草染色体和1条小麦-麦草易位染色体,染色体数为42条。本研究可为寒地多年生麦草染色体组的研究和利用提供理论基础。

Based on the characteristics of cold winter weather in Harbin,Heilongjiang Province,as well as morphological and molecular cytogenetic research methods,the hybrids of F1 between’Longmai35’and six cold hardness perennial wheatgrass were selected and analyzed in this study.The results showed that the cold-hardy perennial wheatgrass had the same chromosome composition as that of Thinopyrum intermedium,and excellent cold resistance.The flowering period of the cold hardness perennial wheatgrass 1-1-4 and 7-31 was synchronized with’Longmai35’,and the seed set of hybrid was significantly higher than other crosses.Hybrid F1 was an amphipathic intermediate type with a low plant survival rate.The chromosomes between cold hardness perennial wheatgrass and’Longmai35’were able to pair during meiosis.However,the chromosome pairing was incomplete,and the number of monovalent was more than divalent.It was caused infertility of F_(1).Although F_(1)plants did not have cold resistance,they had post-harvest of regrowth.Only line F118731 was fertility in 8 lines of F_(1).The result of GISH test showed that the chromosome group of F_(2)18731 with 42 chromosomes had 27 chromosomes from’Longmai35’,14 chromosomes from perennial wheatgrass,and 1 wheat-wheatgrass translocation chromosome.This study provides a theoretical basis for the research and utilization of genome on the cold hardness perennial wheatgrass.