不同灭螺药剂对福寿螺的药效实验

Effects of different molluscacide on Pomacea canaliculata

为有效控制福寿螺对农业生产的危害,筛选出最佳药剂、最佳剂量和最适用环境条件的灭螺药剂,选择6%四聚乙醛颗粒、40%四聚乙醛悬浮剂、45%三苯基乙酸锡可湿性粉剂、硫酸烟酰苯胺粉和50%杀螺安乙醇胺盐悬浮剂,这5种高效、低毒、低残留的化学药剂进行杀灭福寿螺的比较实验.通过室内和野外茭白田实验,结果表明这5种药剂都能在较短时间3 d内100%杀灭福寿螺(P<0.001),且对茭白生长安全、能提高产量(每667 m^(2)提升13%~26%);此外,这类化学药剂还能抑制福寿螺活性,防止逃逸.综合比较,推荐水田使用45%三苯基乙酸锡可湿性粉剂和硫酸烟酰苯胺粉100 g(每667 m^(2)),含水少的沟渠可考虑使用6%四聚乙醛颗粒100 g(每667 m^(2)).

In order to effectively control the rapid spread and harm of invasive Pomacea canaliculata,we selected the best insecticide,the best dose and the most suitable environmental conditions of molluscacide.Five kinds of chemical agent,6%metaldehyde(granule),40%metaldehyde(suspension concentrate),45%fentin acetate(wettable powder),nicotinanilide(powder)and 50%niclosamide ethanolamine(suspension concentrate),were selected to kill Pomacea canaliculata.They are highly effective,low toxic and low residue chemicals.The results of indoor and field(Zizania latifolia)experiments show that all of the 5 chemicals could kill Pomacea canaliculata 100%in a short time,3 d(P<0.001).It is safe for the growth of Zizania latifolia and can increase the yield(13%—26%)/667 m^(2)).In addition,these reagents can inhibit the activity of Pomacea canaliculata and prevent them from escaping.In general,it is recommended to use 45%fentin acetate(wettable powder),100 g/667 m^(2),for paddy fields,and 6%metaldehyde(granule),100 g/667 m^(2),for ditches with less water.