近二十年国内张之洞研究综述

Research review of Zhang Chih-tung from domestic academia in recent twenty years

张之洞是中国近代史研究的重要人物。近二十年来,学界着重探讨了洋务运动时期张之洞的实业活动、教育活动、洋务思想等问题;分析了戊戌变法时期张之洞与维新派及戊戌变法的关系,对《劝学篇》及"中体西用"思想做进一步阐释;论述了张之洞对清末"新政"决策的影响,对张之洞在清末"新政"时期的政治、经济、教育、军事等方面的变革主张与实践展开讨论,取得了丰硕的研究成果。但在张之洞思想转变与中国近代道路转型、"中体西用"方法论意义等方面仍有深入研究的可能。通过综述相关研究,旨在展现张之洞研究的多元面貌,探讨未来研究中新的理论增长点。

Zhang Chih-tung is an important figure in the study of Chinese modern history.In recent twenty years,the academic circles have discussed Zhang Chih-tung’s industrial activities,educational activities and westernization thoughts in the period of westernization movement,analyzed the relationship between Zhang Chih-tung and the reformers&the Reform Movement of 1898 and further interpreted the idea of"To Encourage Learning"and"Chinese learning as fundamental and Western learning for practical use".Besides,scholars have expounded Zhang Chih-tung′s influence on the"New Deal"decision-making in the late Qing Dynasty,his change proposal and practice in terms of policies,economy,education and military,and gained fruitful research achievements.However,there is still the possibility of in-depth research on Zhang Chih-tung′s thought changes,the transformation of modern Chinese roads,and the significance of"Chinese learning as fundamental and Western learning for practical use".By reviewing related research,this paper aims to show the multiple aspects of Zhang Chih-tung’s research and explore new theoretical growth points in future research.