黔西北冷凉山区羊肚菌品种筛选与高效栽培技术

Variety Screening and Highly Effective Cultivation Technology of Morchella spp.in Cold Mountain Area of Northwest of Guizhou

为探索羊肚菌高效栽培技术,并筛选出适宜黔西北冷凉山区栽培的羊肚菌品种,对引进的2种羊肚菌六妹羊肚菌(Morchella sextelata)和七妹羊肚菌(M.eximia),采用2种设施模式(简易平棚和简易平棚套小拱棚)开展栽培比较试验,对比分析2个种在不同设施模式下的出菇情况、产量及农艺性状差异。结果显示,六妹羊肚菌表现突出,可作为优良首选品种在黔西北冷凉山区推广栽培;简易平棚套小拱棚栽培的羊肚菌生长周期短、产量高、出菇整齐,是可推广应用的高效栽培技术。

In order to explore high-efficiency cultivation techniques and screen Morchella spp.varieties suitable for cultivation in the cold mountain area of Northwest Guizhou,two Morchella spp.cultivated varieties(Morchella sextelata and M.eximia)were introduced and cultivated in two facility modes(simple sunshade flat shed and simple sunshade flat shed with small arched shed),then compared the fruiting situation,yield and agronomic traits of two species.The results showed that M.sextelata had outstanding performance and could be used as the first choice cultivated varieties in cold mountain area of northwest Guizhou.In addition,the growth cycle of Morchella spp.cultivated in simple sunshade flat shed with small arched shed was shorter than that in simple sunshade flat shed,with high yield and neat mushroom emergence,which indicated that the simple sunshade flat shed with small arched shed was a high-efficiency cultivation technology which can be widely applied.