社会投资与可持续发展治贫策略研究

Social Investment and Sustainable Anti-poverty Policies Study

激发内生动力是增强脱贫可持续性的有效路径,它需要政策由"输血式"向"造血式"持续改进。为此,社会投资转向将有助于促进我国反贫困在政策和实践上的精进:在价值取向上,由行政扶贫思维向社会投资思维转向,追求积极的社会福利政策;在反贫困途径上,从项目式脱贫向优化转移支付和对口支援体制机制转移,增加过程累积的长效应;在主体协同上,从政府行政力量向多元社会力量参与扶贫转向,创新政府带动社会力量扶贫的第三次分配制度;从外援式扶贫向赋能式脱贫转向,以扶贫对象和地区的能动参与视角建立与本地区经济发展相适应的脱贫模式,更加强调对本地就业和地区人才资源的深度教育和技能培训开发,提升劳动者的内在动能。社会投资视福利为投资的目的在于增强个人贫困就业的能力、市场机会和经济收益,可以运用社会企业策略,推动脱贫向可持续模式转化。

Stimulating endogenous power is an effective way to enhance the sustainability of poverty alleviation,which requires continuous improvement of policies from"blood transfusion"to"blood production".Therefore,the concept of social investment will help to promote the transformation of anti-poverty in policy and practice.In the value orientation,we should pursue positive social welfare policies,and turn from administrative poverty alleviation thinking to social investment thinking.In the anti-poverty approach,we should increase the longterm effect of process accumulation,and shift from project-based poverty alleviation to optimized transfer payment and counterpart support system and mechanism.In the aspect of subject coordination,we should also promote the transformation of anti-poverty policy and practice,and we should innovate the third distribution system in which the government drives social forces to help the poor,shift from the administrative power of the government to the participation of multiple social forces in poverty alleviation,shift from foreign aid to enabling poverty alleviation,establish a poverty alleviation model suitable for the economic development of the region from the perspective of the active participation of the poverty alleviation objects and regions.And pay more attention to the in-depth education and skill training of local employment and regional human resources,because training and development can improve the internal energy and ability of workers.Social investment regards welfare as welfare investment.The purpose of it is to enhance the employment ability of the poor employees,arouse market opportunities and economic benefits.Social enterprise strategy can be used to promote the transformation from poverty alleviation to sustainable mode.