非常规探测资料在一次非典型暴雨过程中的应用

Application of unconventional detection data in an atypical rainstorm

利用漳州市地面加密自动站、多普勒天气雷达、风廓线雷达和微波辐射计等非常规探测资料,分析了2020年9月19日漳州市一次非典型暴雨过程期间各探测资料的演变特征。结果表明:此次过程是高空槽东移引导地面冷空气快速南下与低层偏南暖湿气流交汇并持续对峙引发的;在强降水时段,雷达组合反射率因子40dBz以上强度的水平范围大,在垂直结构上,强反射率因子表现为低质心型;风廓线雷达水平风场的突变对强降水预报具有指示意义,垂直风速的变化与地面降水时长等具有较强的相关性;微波辐射计的温湿度廓线直观反映降水前后测站上空的温湿层结,由降水前低层增温增湿,不稳定增强变为温湿分布均匀的稳定到中性层结,对地面降水发生具有较好的提前量。

Using the unconventional detection data such as the ground encryption automatic station,Doppler weather radar,wind profiler radar and microwave radiometer,the evolution characteristics of the detection data during an atypical rainstorm in Zhangzhou on September 19,2020 were analyzed.The eastward movement of the upper-altitude trough caused the process,which led to the continuous confrontation between the southward ground cold air and the low-level southerly warm and humid air.During the period of heavy rainfall,the horizontal range of radar combined reflectivity factor above 40dbz was large.In the vertical structure,the strong reflectivity factor was low centroid.The abrupt change of horizontal wind field of wind profiler radar was significant for heavy precipitation forecast.The change of vertical wind speed had a strong correlation with the duration of surface precipitation.The temperature and humidity profile of the microwave radiometer directly reflected the stratification of temperature and humidity over the station before and after precipitation.The increase in temperature and humidity from the lower layer before precipitation changed to a stable to neutral stratification with uniform temperature and humidity distribution,which was a good advance for the occurrence of surface precipitation.