锌肥不同施用量对黑青稞旗叶光合性能及干物质积累的影响

Effects of Different Application Rates of Zinc Fertilizer on Photosynthetic Performance and Dry Matter Accumulation of Black Highland Barley Flag Leaf

本研究旨在探讨西藏地区锌肥不同施用量对黑青稞光合性能及干物质积累的影响。在西藏隆子县隆子镇忙错村,采用单因素随机区组试验设计,锌肥设置5个浓度梯度,分别为0 kg·hm^(-2)(CK)、7.5 kg·hm^(-2)(T1)、15 kg·hm^(-2)(T2)、22.5 kg·hm^(-2)(T3)和30 kg·hm^(-2)(T4),研究各施肥处理对黑青稞的光合特性及其干物质积累的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,其他4种施锌肥方式下黑青稞旗叶叶片相对叶绿素含量、净光合速率均有不同程度的提高,其中T1、T2、T3处理均显著高于其他处理。干物质在籽粒中的分配量T3、T4较CK相比略有增加,但是差异不显著,而且T1、T2显著低于CK。开花后干物质积累量各处理显著高于CK,并且最高的T4处理较对照花后干物质积累量增加了2609.96 kg·hm^(-2)。开花后干物质积累量对籽粒的贡献率较对照均显著提高,但是各施肥处理间差异不显著。因此,在西藏地区,适宜黑青稞生长的最适锌肥用量为7.5~22.5 kg·hm^(-2)。

In order to explore the effects of zinc fertilizer on photosynthetic performance and dry matter accumulation of black barley in Tibet,a single factor randomized block experiment was utilized to study the effects of different fertilizer treatments on photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation of black highland barley under five zinc concentration gradients:0 kg·hm^(-2)(CK),7.5 kg·hm^(-2)(T1),15 kg·hm^(-2)(T2),22.5 kg·hm^(-2)(T3)and 30 kg·hm^(-2)(T4),respectively,in Mangcuo village,Longzi Town,Longzi County,Tibet.The results showed that compared with CK,the relative chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf of black highland barley were increased in different degrees under the other four zinc fertilization methods,among which T1,T2 and T3 treatments were significantly higher than other treatments.The dry matter distribution of T3 and T4 was slightly higher than that of CK,but the difference was not significant,and T1 and T2 were significantly lower than CK.After anthesis,dry matter accumulation of each treatment was significantly higher than that of CK,and the highest dry matter accumulation was T4 treatment with 2609.96 kg·hm^(-2) which was higher than that of CK.The contribution rate of dry matter accumulation to grain after anthesis was significantly higher than that of the control group,but there was no significant difference among the fertilization treatments.Therefore,in Tibet,the optimum amount of zinc fertilizer is 7.5~22.5 kg·hm^(-2).