急性缺血性脑卒中患者自我怜悯水平及其影响因素研究

Level of Self-compassion in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke and Its Influencing Factors

背景自我怜悯是近年国外积极心理学的研究热点,是检测患者心理健康水平的重要指标。故探究急性缺血性脑卒中患者自我怜悯水平及其影响因素对提高患者心理健康水平具有重要意义。目的探讨急性缺血性脑卒中患者自我怜悯水平及其影响因素。方法选取2019年7月-2020年8月在广州市红十字会医院、广州医科大学附属第一医院、广州医科大学附属第二医院就诊的278例急性缺血性脑卒中患者作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表收集患者一般资料,分别采用自我怜悯量表(SCS)、疾病不确定感量表(MUIS)及家庭关怀度指数问卷(FAI)评估患者自我怜悯水平、疾病不确定感及家庭关怀度。急性缺血性脑卒中患者SCS评分与MUIS评分、FAI评分的相关性分析采用Pearson相关分析,并采用多元线性回归模型分析急性缺血性脑卒中患者SCS评分的影响因素。结果本次调查共发放问卷278份,回收有效问卷252份,有效回收率为90.65%。急性缺血性脑卒中患者SCS评分为(65.14±12.18)分。不同文化程度、家庭人均月收入、日常生活活动能力的患者SCS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,急性缺血性脑卒中患者SCS评分与MUIS评分呈负相关(r=-0.401,P <0.001),与FAI评分呈正相关(r=0.500,P <0.001)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,家庭人均月收入(β=3.501)、日常生活活动能力(β=-2.789)、MUIS评分(β=-0.203)、FAI评分(β=3.226)是急性缺血性脑卒中患者SCS评分的影响因素(P <0.05)。结论急性缺血性脑卒中患者自我怜悯水平较低,而家庭人均月收入、日常生活活动能力、疾病不确定感及家庭关怀度均是其自我怜悯水平的影响因素,提示医护人员应重点关注家庭人均月收入较低、日常生活活动能力较差的急性缺血性脑卒中患者,致力于降低患者的疾病不确定感、提高患者的家庭关怀度,以提高患者的自我怜悯水平。

Background In recent years,self-compassion is a research hotspot of positive psychology abroad,and it is an important index to detect the mental health level of patients.Therefore,exploring the level of self-compassion and its influencing factors is of great significance to improve their mental health in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Objective To investigate the level of self-compassion in patients with acute ischemic stroke and its influencing factors.Methods Two hundred seventy-eight patients with acute ischemic stroke in Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from July 2019 to August 2020 were selected as the research objects.The general information questionnaire was used to investigate the general information of patients,the Self-Compassion Scale(SCS),Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale(MUIS)and Family APGAR Index(FAI)were used to assess the patients’self-compassion level,uncertainty in illness,and family caring degree,respectively.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between SCS score and MUIS score,FAI score in patients with acute ischemic stroke,and multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of SCS score in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Results Two hundred seventy-eight questionnaires were issued in this survey,of which 252 questionnaires were recovered,and the effective recovery rate was 90.65%.The SCS score of patients with acute ischemic stroke was(65.14±12.18).There was a statistically significant difference in SCS scores among patients with acute ischemic stroke with different education levels,family per capita monthly income and daily activity ability(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that SCS score of patients with acute ischemic stroke was negatively correlated with MUIS score(r=-0.401,P<0.001),and positively correlated with FAI score(r=0.500,P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that family per capita monthly income(β=3.501),daily activity ability(β=-2.789),MUIS score(β=-0.203)and FAI score(β=3.226)were influencing factors of SCS score in patients with acute ischemic stroke(P<0.05).Conclusion The level of self-compassion in patients with acute ischemic stroke is low.Family per capita monthly income,daily activity ability,uncertainty in illness and family caring degree are the influencing factors of patients’self-compassion.Medical staff should strengthen the assessment of the self-compassion level of patients with acute ischemic stroke,focus on the patients with low family per capita monthly income and poor daily activity ability,strive to reduce the uncertainty in illness and improve the family caring degree,thereby improving the level of self-compassion.