经济发展对生态环境的影响--基于环境库兹涅茨曲线再检验

The Impact of Economic Development on Ecological Environment--Reexamination of Environmental Kuznets Curve

我国经济飞速发展的同时对生态环境产生了严重的负面影响,经济发展与环境污染关系最为突出的研究是环境库兹涅茨曲线。通过熵权法测算环境污染综合指数,构建面板数据模型验证全国范围内环境库兹涅茨曲线的存在性,并检验该曲线的地区异质性与指标异质性。结果表明:(1)环境污染综合指数与人均地区生产总值之间有显著的倒U型曲线关系,我国整体环境库兹涅茨曲线的确存在。(2)人口增长过快、产业结构不合理恶化了生态环境;环保投资对改善环境污染有明显效果。(3)我国环境库兹涅茨曲线并不存在指标异质性,但存在地区异质性,具体表现为东部、中部地区存在该曲线,而西部地区并不存在。

The rapid development of China s economy has produced serious negative impact on the ecological environment,and the most prominent research on the relationship between economic development and environmental pollution is the Environmental Kuznets Curve.We calculate the comprehensive index of environmental pollution by entropy weight method and construct a panel data model to verify the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve in the whole country,as well as the regional heterogeneity and index heterogeneity of the curve.The results show that there is a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between the comprehensive index of environmental pollution and the per capita GDP,and the overall environmental Kuznets Curve does exist in China.In addition,the rapid population growth and unreasonable industrial structure worsen the ecological environment,and environmental protection investment has obvious effect on ameliorating environmental pollution.We also find that the Environmental Kuznets Curve in China does not have index heterogeneity,but does have regional heterogeneity,which is manifested in the eastern and central regions,but not in the western regions.