不同采摘期的春茶品质对气候变化的响应

Response of Spring Tea Quality to Climate Change in Different Picking Periods

基于1961~2019年江西省修水县逐日气象观测资料,运用气候倾向率方法分析了近59 a不同采摘期春茶的春霜日数和气候品质的变化趋势。结果表明:在气候变暖背景下,近59a修水县春霜日数呈减少的变化趋势,春霜冻灾害发生概率依次为早春茶>明前茶>雨前茶,晚春茶期间没有发生过春霜冻灾害;近59a来春茶气候品质平均特优率依次为雨前茶>晚春茶>明前茶>早春茶,早春茶、明前茶和雨前茶特优率呈增加趋势,明前茶增加趋势最为明显,而晚春茶特优率则显著减少。因此,修水县春茶采摘期间出现霜冻的可能性在降低,气候变暖有利于提高早春茶、明前茶和雨前茶的品质,但不利于晚春茶品质的形成。

Based on the meteorological observation data in Xiushui from 1961 to 2019,the variation trend of spring frost days and climate quality of spring tea in different picking periods in recent 59 years were analyzed by the method of climate tendency rate.The results showed that the number of days of spring frost decreased obviously in recent 59 years,and the order of the occurrence probability of spring frost disaster was tea in early spring>tea before Qingming>tea before Grain Rain,while there was no spring frost disaster during the picking period of tea in late spring.The order of the average excellent rate of spring tea in Xiushui in recent 59 years was the tea before Grain Rain>tea in late spring>tea before Qingming>tea in early spring.The preferential rate of tea in early spring,tea before Qingming and tea before Grain Rain increased,and the increasing trend of tea before Qingming was the most obvious,while that of tea in late spring significantly decreased in recent 59 years under the background of climate warming.Therefore,the likelihood of frost damage in the spring tea in picking period decreased gradually,and the warming climate was conducive to improve the quality of tea in early spring,tea before Qingming and tea before Grain Rain,but it was detrimental to form the quality of the tea in late spring.The results can provide reference for Xiushui to answer the climate change.