结构·范式·符号——传统榫卯结构的审美转向

Structure·Paradigm·Symbol——A Study of the Aesthetic Turn of Traditional Mortise and Tenon Structure

榫卯是传统木构采用的独特工艺样式,随着这种结构被长期广泛地使用,其样式、技艺以及营造理念逐渐形成一个范式并获得审美认同,成为一种以内在构件呈现的审美景观。这种审美转向取决于它的理念和功能向人们的审美心理靠拢,在适应中提高自身感染力,并为传统审美观念的建立做出贡献。技艺与结构形成范式、范式呈现美学典型概括了这种人工结构从物理物向意义物的生成机理。在这一转向过程中,榫卯结构体现出重大的文化意义,它以广义的建构理念为中国传统工艺思想向艺术观念的推展提供了一个路径。

Mortise and tenon is a unique style of traditional wood structure with concave and convex combination.As this structure was widely used for a long time,its styles,techniques and ideas were gradually fixed,turning into a paradigm,getting aesthetic identity,and becoming a presenting beauty with internal components.The aesthetic turn of the mortise and tenon structure depends on its idea and function closing to people′s aesthetic psychology,improving its appeal in adaptation,and contributing to the establishment of traditional aesthetic concept.The paradigm of skill and structure formation shows the paradigm of aesthetics,which basically summarizes the generation process of this artificial structure from physical object to meaningful object.In the course of this turn,the mortise and tenon structure embodies great cultural significance,which provides a path for the expansion of Chinese traditional craft thought to the art concept with the broad sense of construction.