废弃尾矿坡面产流产沙影响因素分析

Analysis of factors influencing runoff and sediment yield of abandoned tailing slopes

为明确不同影响因素对产流产沙的作用效果,采用废弃尾矿土进行人工模拟降雨实验,分析了植被覆盖率(0、40%、80%、100%)、雨强(20、60、100、220 mm/h)、坡度(15°、30°)对尾矿坝坡面初始产流时间的作用效果及其与产流产沙的关联度。结果表明:三种因素对产沙率及产流率的关联度规律一致,当三者共同作用时,按影响程度排序依次为雨强、坡度、植被覆盖率;初始产流时间与雨强及坡度表现为负相关关系,与植被覆盖率之间表现为正相关关系;三种因素对初始产流时间的相关性极显著;覆盖率的增加对产流时间的延缓存在积极作用。

In order to clarify the effect of different influencing factors on runoff and sediment yield,an experiment of artificial rainfall was carried out with waste tailing soil.The effect of vegetation coverage(0,40%,80%,100%),rain intensity(20,60,100,220 mm/h),and slope(15°,30°)on the initial runoff time of tailing slopes and their correlation with runoff and sediment yield were analyzed.The results show that the correlation degree of these three factors with sediment yield and runoff rate is consistent.When these three factors act together,the order of influence degree is rain intensity,slope and vegetation coverage.The initial runoff time is negatively correlated with rain intensity and slope,and positively correlated with vegetation coverage.The correlation of three factors with the initial runoff time is extremely significant.The increase of vegetation coverage has a positive effect on the delay of runoff time.