慢性伤口老年患者习得性无助感与成功老龄化的关系研究

Relationship between Learned Helplessness and Successful Aging in Elderly Patients with Chronic Wounds

目的旨在了解慢性伤口老年患者的习得性无助感与健康素养、社会支持的相关性及其对患者成功老龄化的影响。方法2018年7-12月,采用便利抽样法在营口市和沈阳市各选取一个社区健康档案信息系统中所有在册的257例慢性伤口老年患者为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、习得性无助感量表、成功老龄量表、慢性病病人健康素养量表、社会支持评定量表对其进行调查。结果慢性伤口老年患者成功老龄化得分为(50.08±12.12)分,习得性无助感得分为(40.00±12.34)分,均处于较低水平。习得性无助感与成功老龄化、健康素养以及社会支持呈负相关,健康素养、社会支持与成功老龄化呈正相关(均P<0.01),习得性无助感是影响成功老龄化的直接变量(P<0.01),习得性无助感和健康素养是社会支持影响成功老龄化的中介变量(P<0.01)。结论健康素养和社会支持是降低慢性伤口老年患者习得性无助感进而促进其成功老龄化的重要因素,有必要通过护理研究和实践进一步探讨。

Objective To investigate the correlation of learned helplessness with health literacy and social support in elderly patients with chronic wounds and its effect on successful aging.Methods From July to December 2018,elderly patients with chronic wounds in community in Shengyang and Yingkou were selected by convenience sampling method and investigated by General Information Questionnaire,Learned Helplessness Scale,Successful Aging Scale,Health Literacy Scale of Chronic Patients,Social Support Rating Scale.Results The score of successful aging was 50.08±12.12,which was at a low level.The patients generally had learned helplessness,which was 40.00±12.34.Learned helplessness was negatively correlated with successful aging,health literacy and social support,while health literacy and social support were positively correlated with successful aging(all P<0.01)Learned helplessness was the direct variable influencing successful aging(P<0.01).Learned helplessness and health literacy were the mediating variables of social support influencing successful aging(P<0.01).Conclusions Health literacy and social support are important factors to reduce the learned helplessness of elderly patients with chronic wounds and promote their successful aging.It is necessary to further explore through nursing research and practice.