老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者社会疏离感现状及影响因素分析

Status Quo and Its Influencing Factors of Social Alienation in Elderly Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

目的调查老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者社会疏离感的现状,并分析其影响因素。方法2018年12月至2020年3月,便利抽样法选取在郑州市某三级甲等综合性医院呼吸内科住院治疗的292例老年COPD患者为研究对象,采用一般情况调查表、一般疏离感量表、领悟社会支持量表及医院焦虑抑郁量表对其进行问卷调查。结果老年COPD患者社会疏离感得分为(40.83±2.56)分。领悟社会支持各维度得分及总分与社会疏离感得分呈负相关、抑郁与社会疏离感得分呈正相关(均P<0.001)。回归分析结果显示,领悟社会支持、抑郁、呼吸困难程度、年住院次数是老年COPD患者社会疏离感的影响因素(均P<0.001)。结论老年COPD患者社会疏离感水平有待改善,医护人员应关注其社会疏离状况,采取针对性干预措施,帮助老年COPD患者调节负性情绪,识别、调动社会支持,以降低患者的社会疏离水平。

Objective To investigate the status quo of social alienation in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and analyze its influencing factors.Methods From December 2018 to March 2020,292 elderly COPD inpatients of a tertiary hospital in Zhengzhou were selected by convience sampling method and were investigated with General Condition Questionnaire,General Alienation Scale,Perceived Social Support Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.Results The score of social alienation in elderly patients with COPD was 40.83±2.56.The scores of each dimension and total scores of perceived social support were negatively correlated with social alienation,while depression was positively correlated with social alienation(all P<0.001).Regression analysis showed that perceived social support,depression,degree of dyspnea and annual hospitalization frequency were the influencing factors of social alienation in elderly COPD patients(all P<0.001).Conclusions The level of social alienation in elderly COPD patients needs to be improved.Medical staff should pay attention to it,take targeted intervention measures to help patients adjust negative emotions,identify and mobilize social support,so as to reduce the social alienation level.