光电催化新星:γ-石墨双炔的制备和应用

The preparation and use of γ-graphdiyne,a superb new photoelectrocatalyst

γ-石墨双炔(γ-graphdiyne,简称GDY)是一种由sp和sp2杂化碳组成的高度共轭全碳材料,其独特的有序孔道、非均匀的电子结构和易于调谐的本征带隙,为制备高活性光电催化剂开辟了广阔的探索空间。本文总结了GDY的特性,合成策略和在光电催化领域中的应用,并给出了目前研究中存在的问题和未来技术发展的可能方向。

Photoelectrocatalysis is a sustainable process that plays a central role in clean energy production and pollution removal.Due to the constraints of current photoelectrocatalysts such as instability and scarcity,scientists have resorted to carbon nanomaterials that are more stable and abundant.It has been found that γ-graphdiyne(GDY),the most stable carbon phase among graphynes that contains a diacetylene bond,has some striking properties such as well-ordered pores,non-uniform electronic structure,easily tunable bandgap and excellent photoelectric performance.It has become a new“star”as a highly active photoelectrocatalyst.Its properties,synthesis strategies and photoelectrocatalytic applications are reviewed.Five reaction systems are summarized based on the phase state of the precursors and catalysts,which include liquid-solid,liquid-liquid,gas-liquid,gas-solid,and solid-gas systems.The roles GDY play in photoelectrocatalysis itself,or as a support for single atom catalytic species are discussed.Problems for current research work are discussed and future research trends are proposed.