MOF材料自模板炭化制备纳米多孔炭的研究进展

Research progress on nanoporous carbons produced by the carbonization of metal organic frameworks

纳米多孔炭材料具有高的比表面积、良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性等优点,广泛应用于气体吸附、催化和电化学等领域。尽管目前已做了大量的工作,但是以自模板策略制备纳米多孔炭材料仍存在挑战。结构多样可裁的金属有机骨架(MOF)材料具有规则可调的孔径、高的孔隙率和比表面积等优点,已被证明是制备功能化纳米多孔炭材料的理想前驱体。本文综述了近年来MOF自模板炭化制备纳米多孔炭材料的研究进展,重点介绍以炭化不同的MOF-客体类型为途径获得的多孔炭材料。这将有助于进一步定向开发功能化的新型炭材料,以优化其在更广泛应用领域的性能。

Nanoporous carbons(NPCs)are widely used in gas adsorption,catalysis and electrochemistry because of their high specific surface area,good thermal and chemical stability,etc.Although a lot of work has been done,there are still great challenges in the fabrication of NPCs.Metal organic frameworks(MOFs)with tailorable structures have the advantages of a regular and adjustable pore size,high porosity and high specific surface area,and have proved to be ideal precursors for the preparation of NPCs.To better grasp the state of the art in the preparation of NPCs,we review recent research progress on the fabrication of NPCs by the carbonization of MOFs,with a focus on the carbonization of different combinations of MOFs and guest precursors,both to tune the resulting pore sizes/textures and surface chemical structures/species and to improve the electrical conductivity and structural stability of the product in different applications.