康普顿散射虚拟仿真实验设计及教学实践

Design and Teaching Practice of Compton Scattering Virtual Simulation Experiment

对经典诺贝尔奖实验康普顿散射进行了虚拟仿真设计与开发,并对其在实验教学中的具体应用进行了设计和实践。利用蒙特卡罗模拟方法和3D仿真技术构建了虚拟仿真实验系统,模拟实验场景和实验过程,将传统的“高危”实验变为安全常规的教学实验;利用虚拟放射源和符合测量技术的优势,拓展和改进了实验内容和方法,测量并计算了NaI闪烁体探测器对不同γ射线的探测效率,解决了传统实验只能依靠经验公式计算相对反应截面的难题,验证了康普顿散射的光子能量及相对微分截面与散射角的关系。采用问题导向式教学方法将仿真实验应用于实验教学,以虚促实,因材施教,培养学生科学研究和探索的能力。

The design and development of virtual simulation of the classic Compton scattering experiment award-winning Nobel Prize were carried out,and its application in experimental teaching was also designed and practiced.The virtual simulation experiment system was constructed by using Monte Carlo simulation method and 3D simulation technology,and the experimental scene and process were simulated and reproduced.The traditional“high-risk”experiment was transformed into a safe and routine teaching experiment.The contents and methods of the experiment were expanded and improved by using the advantages of virtual radioactive sources and coincidence measurement technology.The detection efficiency of NaI scintillator detector against different kinds of gamma rays was measured and calculated,which solves the problem that traditional experiment only relies on the empirical formula to calculate the relative reaction cross-section.The relationships between the photon energies of Compton scattering and the relative differential cross-sections with the scattering angles were finally verified.The simulation experiment was applied to the experiment teaching by adopting the method of problem-oriented teaching as well as the means of promoting real experiment with virtual experiment and individualized teaching.The students’abilities of scientific research and exploration were trained.