美国在华专利转让网络演进与主体特征研究

Evolution of US Patent Transfer Network and Subject Characteristics of the United States in China

以往域外在华专利的研究往往限于专利申请层面,并没有揭示后续的转让行为。研究域外在华专利转让网络及相关特征,有助于我们正确把握在华专利申请的后续活动、客观评价域外在华专利申请对中国的技术创新发挥的作用。利用美国"数字通信"领域在华专利转让数据,构建了不同发展阶段的专利转让网络;深度分析了网络演进特征与趋势、网络中的关键主体、主体国别、主体集聚度和转让时间等特征;并预测了美国在华专利未来的转让趋势。研究结果揭示了美国对其拥有知识产权的重要领域专利技术的严格掌控、将数字通信领域的专利与垄断联系起来,用以限制竞争、占领市场,轻易不会将专利转让给中国企业。美国最近10年在华获得的授权专利的显著增长必定带来下一步越来越多的在华专利转让行为的发生。

In the past,extraterritorial researches on patents in China were usually limited to the level of patent application and did not reveal subsequent patent transfer.The authors used US patent transfer data in the field of"digital communications"to construct a patent transfer network at different stages of development;then the authors deeply analyzed the evolution characteristics and trends of the network,and explored the characteristics of key subjects,subject country,subject agglomeration degree in the network and the characteristics of transfer time;also predicted the future transfer trend of US patents in China.The research results reveal that the United States has strict control over its patented technologies in important areas of intellectual property rights,the significant increase in the number of authorized patents the United States has obtained in China in the past 10 years is bound to bring about more and more patent transfers in China.