超声波套损检测室内试验研究

Experimental Study on Ultrasonic Casing Damage Detection

油田套损井数量居高不下,井筒质量问题突出,严重影响了油气井的高质量开发。鉴于此,通过对存储式电池仓、数据存储与控制短节、电子仪短节、声系短节和扶正器短节的综合研发,研制了超声波套损检测仪器;结合超声波测量原理和超声波柱面成像,开发了超声成像解释技术。在此基础上,利用超声波套损检测仪器对射孔孔眼套管和变形套管进行了室内模拟试验,研究了超声波套损检测仪器成像效果。研究结果表明:研制的超声波套损检测仪器可以对射孔孔眼和变形套管进行检测,仪器声波幅度、声波到时图像和三维柱状图像稳定可靠,提升了套损形态精准检测能力;该仪器可对射孔孔眼的大小、位置和角度等信息进行精准解释,针对外径139.7 mm、内径114.3 mm套管的检测精度可以达到1.14 mm;该仪器可对变形套管的变形程度和方位信息进行精准解释,通过4种解释结果得到套管最小内径为90.0 mm,挤压变形的方位为105°。研究成果验证了仪器的可靠性和测量精度,对仪器的现场实际应用具有重要意义。

The number of casing damaged wells in the oilfields of PetroChina remains high, the quality problem of the wellbores is outstanding, which seriously affects the high-quality development of the oil and gas wells. In view of this, by means of integrated research and development of storage battery compartment, data storage and control short-circuit, electronic instrument nipple, acoustic system nipple and centralizer nipple, an ultrasonic casing damage detection instrument was developed. Combined with ultrasonic measurement principle and ultrasonic cylindrical imaging, an ultrasonic imaging interpretation technology was developed. On the basis of which, the ultrasonic casing damage detection instrument was used to conduct laboratory simulation test on the perforated casing and the deformed casing, so as to study the imaging effect of the ultrasonic casing damage detection instrument. The research results show that the developed ultrasonic casing damage detection instrument can be used to inspect the perforated and deformed casings;the acoustic amplitude, acoustic arrival time image and 3D columnar image of the instrument are stable and reliable, which improves the accurate detection capability of casing damage shape;the instrument can be used to accurately interpret the size, position, angle and other information of the perforation, and the detection accuracy can reach 1.14 mm for the casing with outer diameter of 139.7 mm and inner diameter of 114.3 mm;moreover, the instrument can be used to accurately interpret the deformation degree and azimuth information of the deformed casing, and 4 interpretation results indicate that the minimum inner diameter of the casing is 90.0 mm and the azimuth of compression deformation is 105°. The research results verify the reliability and measurement accuracy of the instrument, and are of great significance for the practical application of the instrument in next step.