景观设计中棕地的非传统设计途径

The Brownfield as Alternative Design Process in Landscape Architecture

通常来讲,棕地在美学上并不具备吸引力,风景园林业内推崇棕地的风潮本质上是人们对弹性景观、自我调节、原始景观日渐浓厚的兴趣,其具有较高的生物多样性、多样的生态过程、功能强大和低成本等优势。传统的棕地重建方法是允许现场介入,等待随之发生的连续生态演替,促进新植被类型的自发形成。然而,棕地的植被一般与场地周围的植被类型相近,植被多样性缺乏的棕地,其场地周围通常也是缺乏植被多样性的。在设计实践中,我们应更多关注场地的长期管理,更加着重于对场地现状的生态学和园艺学的理解。通过播种或种植那些不能自行定殖的树木、灌木和草本植物的种子或幼苗,进行长期的管理来塑造景观,最终棕地将形成复杂的植被空间结构和丰富的植被类型。

Brownfield is normally unattractive in aesthetics,while essentially a fashion within Landscape Architecture based on growing interest in the idea of resilience,self-regulation,and landscape as palimpsest,with the advantages in biodiversity,ecological process,function and low cost.The classical method of regenerating the brownfield is to allow the disturbance on site and wait for the successional ecological processes to promote the spontaneous establishment of new vegetation types.However,the vegetation of brownfields normally reflects what is around the site.Brownfields surrounded by low diversity vegetation are typically also low diversity.In practice,there should be more focus on a long term management view with much more emphasis placed on ecological and horticultural understandings on existing conditions.By adding seeds or seedlings of trees,shrubs and herbaceous plants which are not able to colonise of their own accord to the brownfield,and shaping by management over the long distant future,brownfield will eventually become spatial and taxonomic complexity.