深圳市龙岗区某社区2019年高血压患病率及流行病学调查

Prevalence and Epidemiology of Hypertension in a Community in Longgang District of Shenzhen City in 2019

目的:分析深圳市龙岗区某社区2019年高血压患病率及流行病学特征。方法:采取描述性流行病学方法对2019年1-12月深圳市龙岗区某社区2639例居民的累计调查资料进行回顾性分析。比较不同性别、年龄、体质指数(BMI)、慢性病史、职业、劳动强度、生活习惯、每周中等强度运动时间及文化程度者的高血压患病率。结果:2639例居民中,1000例确诊为高血压患者,发病率为37.89%。不同性别者高血压患病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。≥80岁者高血压患病率最高(40.58%),其次为60~69岁者(39.08%),不同年龄段者高血压患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。BMI越高者,高血压患病率越高(P<0.05)。不同文化程度者高血压患病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。退休者高血压患病率(82.36%)最高,其次为家务(43.57%),不同职业者高血压患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。合并慢性病病种数越高者,高血压患病率越高(P<0.05)。劳动强度越轻者,高血压患病率越高(P<0.05)。同时有吸烟史与饮酒史者高血压患病率(62.98%)最高,其次为只有吸烟史者(37.80%)。不同生活习惯者高血压患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。每周不同中等强度运动时间越短者,高血压患病率越高(P<0.05)。结论:深圳市龙岗区2019年社区居民高血压患病率较高,高血压患病风险可能与年龄、BMI、慢性病史、职业、劳动强度、生活习惯及每周中等强度运动时间有关,临床需对此引起重视。

Objective:To analyze the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of hypertension in Longgang District of Shenzhen city in 2019.Method:The cumulative survey data of 2639 residents in a community in Longgang District of Shenzhen city from January to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively by descriptive epidemiological method.The prevalence of hypertension were compared among different gender,age,body mass index(BMI),chronic history,occupation,labor intensity,living habits,weekly moderate intensity exercise time and cultural degrees.Result:Among the 2639 residents,1000 were diagnosed with hypertension,with incidence of 37.89%.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension between different genders(P>0.05).The prevalence of hypertension was the highest in≥80 years old(40.58%),followed by 60-69 years old(39.08%).There were significant differences in the prevalence of hypertension among different age groups(P<0.05).The higher BMI,the higher the prevalence of hypertension(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension among different cultural degrees(P>0.05).The prevalence rate of hypertension among retirees(82.36%)was the highest,followed by housework(43.57%).There were significant differences in the prevalence of hypertension among different occupations(P<0.05).The higher the number of chronic diseases,the higher the prevalence of hypertension(P<0.05).The lower the labor intensity,the higher the prevalence of hypertension(P<0.05).The prevalence rate of hypertension was highest in those with both smoking history and drinking history(62.98%),followed by those with only smoking history(37.80%).There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of hypertension among people with different living habits(P<0.05).The shorter the duration of moderate intensity exercise per week,the higher the prevalence of hypertension(P<0.05).Conclusion:Community residents in Longgang District of Shenzhen city had a high prevalence of hypertension in 2019.The risk of hypertension may be related to age,BMI,chronic history,occupation,labor intensity,living habits and weekly moderate intensity exercise,which should be paid attention to clinically.