沙柳重组木表面粗糙度的二维和三维分析对比

Measurement of surface roughness of Salix psammophila scrimber using stylus profilometer and extended depth-of-field 3D microscope

沙柳是我国东北地区广泛分布的一种速生沙生灌木,它具有耐寒、耐旱、砂埋藏高、适应性强、生长迅速等优良特性。高性能重组木是将沙柳在保留原有纤维排列的前提下,经过精细化疏解、浸胶、干燥、热压等工序加工成一种大截面、高强度、高耐候的均质结构材。作为一种建筑结构材料,其密度和尺寸可控,在一定程度上可以替代实木,大大提高了其附加值和利用率。木质材料具有独特而复杂的表面纹理,因此对其表面粗糙度进行全面的评价尤为重要。笔者研究了一种利用超景深三维显微镜测量木材表面粗糙度的新方法,主要分析了测试的特点和原理,并与传统的二维探针式表面粗糙度测量仪的结果进行了对比。此外,还研究了相对湿度对重组木表面粗糙度测量的影响。结果表明:超景深三维显微镜是一种有效测量木材表面粗糙度的方法。同时发现,高相对湿度环境对样品的表面粗糙度有不利的影响,而湿度的变化对沙柳重组木的表面纹理均匀性影响较大。并且,考虑相对湿度对测量过程的影响是十分必要的。

Salix psammophila scrimber resulted from processing rapidly sandy shrubs into fiber reinforced composites,has a large cross section with outstanding strength.As a kind of homogeneous material,the density and the size of scrimber is controllable,which can replace the solid wood to a certain extent.It is extremely important to have an overall evaluation of surface roughness of wood-based materials due to the unique and complicated surface texture.In this study,the characteristics and principle of a new method(extended depth-of-field 3 D microscope) for the measurement of wood surface roughness was investigated,and the traditional 2 D tactile stylus profilometer method was also used for comparison.In addition,the effects of relative humidity on the measurement of surface roughness were investigated.The results indicated that the extended depth-of-field 3 D microscope is an available and efficient method to measure the surface roughness of wood-based materials.Moreover,it was found that the high relative humidity exposure adversely influenced the surface roughness of samples and the change of humidity had a greater impact on the uniformity of surface texture of the SP scrimber.It turned out that it is urgently necessary to consider the impact of relative humidity on the measurement process.