乡村都市化背景下傣族村社制度的再生产与社区治理——以云南西双版纳州曼村为例

The Reproduction of Dai Village Community System and Its Community Governance in the Context of Rural Urbanization——A Case Study of Man Village,Xishuangbanna Prefecture

在民族地区以村社为基础的制度和文化形式体现在社会生活的各个方面。虽然在乡村都市化进程中,傣族村社制度在村社成员的生产生活团结体系、基层政治管理、村社内外的社会交往等方面产生了一定程度的变迁。但傣族村社成员在市场、国家、村社等场域的互动中,综合了文化传统、规则以及个体行动,实现了村社团结方式的创新,传统村社组织结合基层民主政治形成新型管理方式,村社成员与外来人口形成了相互依存且互不干涉的和谐相处模式。傣族村社制度在乡村都市化的进程中,把日趋分散的个体重新整合起来以应对当代社会发展中的风险,并重塑城市化所带来的流动性与村社整体的关系,在基层社区治理中走出了一条以村社成员为主体、自下而上的发展路径。

In ethnic areas,the system and cultural forms based on the village community are reflected in all aspects of social life.Although in the process of rural urbanization,the Dai village community system has undergone a certain degree of changes in the aspect of member solidarity,grass-roots political administration,as well as the social communication between villagers and outsiders.However,in the interaction of market,country and village community,Dai village community members integrated cultural traditions,rules and individual actions,realizing the innovation of village community solidarity.The traditional rural organizations combine with the community-level democracy to establish a new management mode.The villagers and outsiders form a harmonious relationship.In the process of rural urbanization,Dai village system plays a role that integrating the individuals to cope with risks in the development of contemporary society,and restoring the relationship between liquidity brought by the urbanization and the village community,forming a bottom-up development way of community governance that the village members being the main body.