国家认同建构中历史记忆的书写——基于民族身份视角的考察

The Writing of Historical Memory in the Construction of National Identity:An Analysis Based on the Ethnic Identity Perspective

国家认同建构是国家建设的核心,共同的历史记忆在国家认同建构中扮演着关键性角色。建构共同的历史记忆,有助于通过追溯共同的文化根脉,引导全体成员形成休戚相关、命运与共的国族共同体意识。同时,历史记忆在作为历史文化共同体的少数民族的身份认同建构中也发挥着重要作用。对于多民族国家而言,刻意忽视或过度强调少数民族的历史记忆,都可能导致其民族认同与国家认同关系的失谐,对国家认同建构构成巨大挑战。为此,在国家认同建构中,应当有效处理多元与一体的关系,在尊重和保存不同民族历史记忆的同时,有效传承国家的共同历史记忆,树牢民族共同体意识,从而为多民族国家认同的建构奠定共同而稳定的文化心理基础。

The construction of national identity is the core of nation building,in which the common historical memory plays a key role.The construction of a common historical memory is conducive to tracing the common cultural roots and guiding all members to form a consciousness of national community of solidarity and common destiny.At the same time,historical memory also plays an important role in the construction of ethnic minorities’identity as historical and cultural communities.For a multi-ethnic state,ignoring deliberately or over-emphasizing the historical memory of ethnic minorities may lead to the disharmony between national identity and ethnic minorities’identity,which poses a great challenge to the construction of national identity.Therefore,in the construction of national identity,the relationship between diversity and unity should be dealt with effectively.While respecting and preserving the historical memory of different ethnic groups,the common historical memory of the nation should be effectively inherited and the consciousness of national community should be firmly established,so as to lay a common and stable cultural psychological foundation for the construction of national identity of multi-ethnic states.