某市1426名新冠肺炎抗疫一线医务人员心理应对能力调查

Psychological coping ability of 1426 health care workers participating in first-line anti-epidemic of COVID-19 in a city

目的调查某市新型冠状病毒肺炎定点收治医院医务人员在抗疫过程中的心理应对能力及影响因素,为提升医疗机构及医务人员应对突发传染性疾病时心理干预提供理论依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法调查阜阳市三区五县新型冠状病毒肺炎定点医院在2020年2月25—29日参与抗疫的一线医务人员。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁量表(SDS)对医务人员进行焦虑和抑郁测评调查,比较分析医务人员焦虑和抑郁的影响因素。结果共调查1426名医务人员,其中有194名发生焦虑,发生率为13.60%;女性焦虑发生率高于男性(15.48%VS 8.55%,P=0.001),护士(15.59%)和医技人员(15.09%)焦虑发生率高于医生(9.09%),差异有统计学意义(P=0.008)。医务人员中有395名发生抑郁,发生率为27.70%,女性抑郁发生率高于男性(29.13%VS 23.83%,P=0.038),护士(29.25%)抑郁发生率高于医生(21.53%),差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。1426名医务人员SAS评分为(39.20±9.42)分,SDS评分为(42.57±11.78)分。其中女性SAS和SDS评分均高于男性;护士和医技的SAS和SDS评分均高于医生;差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。大专及以下学历医务人员SDS评分高于本科及以上学历人员;初级职称医务人员SDS评分均高于中级和高级职称医务人员;差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论参与抗疫一线的医务人员均出现不同程度的心理压力,医疗机构应注重对突发公共卫生事件处置体系的建立和医务人员应对能力的培养。

Objective To investigate the psychological coping ability and influencing factors of health care workers(HCWs)in designated hospitals for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)during anti-epidemic process,and provide theoretical basis for improving the psychological intervention of medical institutions and HCWs in dealing with sudden infectious diseases.Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to investigate HCWs who participated in first-line anti-epidemic of COVID-19 in designated hospitals in 3 districts and 5 counties in Fuyang City from 25 to 29,February 2020.Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were used to investigate the anxiety and depression of HCWs,influencing factors of anxiety and depression of HCWs was compared and analyzed.Results A total of 1426 HCWs were investigated,194 of whom had anxiety,incidence was 13.60%;incidence of anxiety in female was higher than that in male(15.48%vs 8.55%,P=0.001),incidences of anxiety in nurses(15.59%)and medical technicians(15.09%)were higher than that in doctors(9.09%),diffe-rence was statistically significant(P=0.008).395 HCWs(27.70%)suffered from depression,incidence of depression in female was higher than that in male(29.13%vs 23.83%,P=0.038),incidences of depression in nurses(29.25%)were higher than that in doctors(21.53%),difference was statistically significant(P=0.001).SAS score and SDS score of 1426 HCWs were(39.20±9.42)and(42.57±11.78)respectively.SAS and SDS scores of female were both higher than male;SAS and SDS scores of nurses and medical technicians were both higher than doctors,differences were both statistically significant(both P<0.05).SDS score in HCWs with junior college degree or below was higher than that of HCWs with bachelor degree or above;SDS score of HCWs with junior professional title was higher than that of HCWs with intermediate and senior professional title,differences were all statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion HCWs participating in the first-line anti-epidemic all had different degrees of psychological pressure,medical institutions should pay attention to the establishment of the disposal system of public health emergencies and the training of HCWs’coping ability.