呼吸道病毒样本临床检测前处理方法

Pre-treatment method for clinical detection of respiratory virus samples

呼吸道病毒感染是呼吸道常见疾病的主要原因之一。本文旨在总结与探讨呼吸道病毒样本检测前处理质量控制的要素,为临床呼吸道病毒样本检测前处理方案提供参考与指导。本文主要回顾了呼吸道病毒临床检测前处理质量控制环节的要点,包括4个主要方面:标本的类型、采集、运输和储存。根据分析得出了各类型标本、拭子材料的适用条件以及呼吸道病毒样本采集、运输和储存的要求,其中以鼻咽拭子标本为重点标本类型。目前在呼吸道病毒样本检测标本类型选择中,鼻咽拭子为最佳样本类型,也可进行多个类型标本联合使用,例如:鼻咽拭子和口咽拭子、唾液标本、痰标本可以提高检测的灵敏度和准确度,考虑到临床实际情况,具有一定价值。并且本文也阐述了新标本类型投入临床检测的可能性。

Respiratory virus infection is one of the main causes of common respiratory diseases.This article aims to summarize and discuss the elements of quality control of the pre-processing of respiratory virus samples,and to provide reference and guidance for clinical respiratory virus sample pre-processing programs.The main points of the quality control on the pretreatment of respiratory virus clinical testing are reviewed in this essay,including 4 main aspects-the type of specimen,collection,transportation and storage.According to the analysis,the applicable conditions of various types of specimens and swab materials,as well as the requirements for the collection,transportation and storage of respiratory virus samples,are obtained.Among them,nasopharyngeal swab specimens are the key specimen types.At present,in the selection of specimen types for respiratory virus samples,nasopharyngeal swab is the best sample type.Multiple types of specimens can also be used in combination.For example,nasopharyngeal swab and oropharyngeal swabs,saliva specimens,and sputum specimens can improve the sensitivity and accuracy of detection.To the actual clinical situation,it has certain value.In addition,this article also explains the possibility of new specimen types being put into clinical testing.