东洞庭湖西岸舵杆洲洲滩小兽群落结构特征分析

Analysis on the Structural Characteristics of Small Mammal Community on the Duoganzhou Beach Located on the West Bank of East Dongting Lake

为了解益阳市舵杆洲洲滩小兽群落近年来的变化状况,研究汇总了2006—2020年舵杆洲洲滩连续监测数据,发现目前洲滩小型兽类群落多样性较高,捕获有黑线姬鼠(Apodemus agrarius)、东方田鼠(Microtus fortis)、褐家鼠(Rattus norvegicus)、巢鼠(Micromys minutus)、臭鼩(Suncus murinus)5种小兽,种类与同期农田捕获种类相同。从小兽组成看,黑线姬鼠和东方田鼠在群落组成中的比例较高,分别为49.75%和45.92%,黑线姬鼠已经成为舵杆洲洲滩生境的第一优势鼠种,既不同于堤内农田生境的以黑线姬鼠为绝对优势种群的状况,也不同于洞庭湖历史上洲滩以东方田鼠为唯一优势种群的格局。

In order to understand the status of small mammal communities on the Duoganzhou beach of Yiyang,a total of 2045 small mammals were captured by 14851 snap traps on the beach during 2006 to 2020.It found that the community diversity of small mammals on the beach was high,and it was mainly composed of five small mammal species,i.e.,Apodemus agrarius,Microtus fortis,Rattus norvegicus,Micromys minutus and Suncus murinus,which were the same as those captured under the farmland biotope in the same period.The proportion of Apodemus agrarius and Microtus fortis in the community was higher,49.75%and 45.92%,respectively.According to the current survey,Apodemus agrarius has become the first dominant population on the Duoganzhou beach,which is different from the adjacent farmland habitat within the embankment where Apodemus agrarius is the absolute dominant population,also different from the history that Microtus fortis is the single dominant population on the beach of the Dongting Lake.