超低能耗住宅政策标准综述研究——论低层产能住宅的发展与机遇

A Review of Policies and Standards for Ultra-low Energy House:Looking Forward to the Development and Opportunities of Low-rise Housing

随着我国改革开放后经济的快速增长,住宅建筑在过去的几十年中蓬勃发展,成为国家建设发展与解决民生问题的最重要建筑类型之一。住宅建筑消耗了大量一次能源,增加了大量的碳排放,成为全球气候变暖的重要原因。因此,为贯彻国家有关节能减排、绿色发展的法律法规和方针政策,提升和改善建筑室内环境性能,提高能源利用效率,提高建筑质量和延长建筑寿命,政府从各个层面相继推出促进有关超低能耗住宅发展的引导文件和执行标准。文章分别从国家层面、各省市层级,以及相关实践性企业推出的政策性文件和指导性标准进行综述研究与分层解读,以此对超低能耗住宅目前发展与技术应用相关研究进行分析与探讨。分别从政策规划重点内容、标准颁布方向的转变与深化等角度,为研究者和从业者提供一定的参考,以了解该领域的重点研究方向并获取感兴趣的研究热点。在该综述研究的基础上,引出对低层产能建筑类型发展的需求探讨和战略布局分析,以明确其在未来智慧生态城市中的发展与作用。

With the rapid economic growth after China's reform and opening up,residential buildings have developed vigorously in the past few decades and have become one of the most important building types for national construction and development and to solve people's livelihood problems.Residential buildings consume a lot of primary energy and increase carbon emissions,which has become an important cause of global warming.Therefore,in order to implement the national laws,regulations and policies on energy conservation,emission reduction,green development,improve the indoor environmental performance of buildings,increase energy efficiency,improve building quality and extend building life,the government has successively introduced and promoted relevant ultra-low energy residential houses from all levels.Development of guidance documents and implementation standards.This paper analyzes the policy documents and guiding standards issued by the national,provincial and municipal levels,and relevant practical enterprises,respectively,and discusses the current development and technology application related research of ultra-low energy houses.From the perspectives of the key content of policy planning and the change and deepening of the direction of standard issuance,it provides researchers and practitioners with a certain reference to understand the key research directions in this field and obtain interesting research hotspots.Finally,on the basis of this review and research,it leads to the demand discussion and strategic layout analysis of the development of low-rise building types to clarify its development and role in the future smart ecological city.