人参内生真菌的分离鉴定及其生防功能的初步验证

Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi in ginseng and preliminary verification of its biocontrol function

人参主要产于中国的东北和朝鲜半岛,因为其具有极高的药用价值而被认为是草药中最重要的植物.内生真菌是一种有趣的微生物,它和植物形成互惠共利的联系.不同的内生真菌能够根据寄主及所处的生态环境的不同而产生不同的代谢物质.此外,内生真菌还能够促进宿主种子的萌发、茎的生长和诱导宿主耐受生物和非生物胁迫.本实验从7个地点进行采样,一共分离获得107株人参内生菌.对其中的29株内生菌进行ITS分子验证,比对后的结果表明主要的内生真菌是镰刀菌和木霉菌.另外还有冻土毛霉和艾米斯托克篮状菌.鉴于木霉菌的生防功能,平板对峙实验的结果表明,木霉菌能够抑制病原镰刀菌和韦状节孢霉的生长.这些实验结果表明人参拥有各种不同的内生真菌,这些内生真菌为新的生物活性的化合物的鉴定以及病原菌的生物防治提供了基础.

Ginseng has extremely high medicinal value,mainly produced in Northeast China and the Korean Peninsula,and is considered to be the most precious plant among herbs.Endophytic fungus is an interesting microorganism,and it forms a mutually beneficial relationship with plants.Many endophytes brought benefits to their host plants.Due to the different host and the ecological environment in which they depended,various endophytes can produce different metabolites.In addition,endophytes can benefit their host in different ways,such as promoting germination and boosting their growth,inducing host plants to tolerate biotic or abiotic stress.In this experiment,samples were taken from 7 locations and a total of 107 strains of ginseng endophytes were isolated.Fusarium and Trichoderma were idetified as dominant endophytic fungi based on morphological traits and ITS sequences from 29 strains of endophytes.In addition to these two kinds of fungi,the ITS sequence alignment also revealed that Mucorhiemalis and Talaromycesamestolkiae exist in our interested fungus.Plate confrontation experiment shows that Trichoderma.viride can inhibit the growth of Fusarium avenaceum and Arthrobacter reediformis.The results suggested that ginseng harbors diversified endophytic fungi that would provide a basis for the identification of new bioactive compounds,and for effective biocontrol of ginseng root rot.