马克思不认为资本主义是不正义的吗?--加里·扬对伍德命题的质疑

Doesn’t Marx Think of Capitalism as Unjust:?——Gary Young’s Question of Wood’s Thesis

艾伦·伍德在他的论文《马克思对正义的批判》中提出马克思认为占有剩余价值是正义的,或者至少不是不正义的,这就是所谓伍德命题。针对这一命题,加里·扬从两个方面提出批驳。首先,在马克思那里,资本主义的交换过程,特别是劳动力作为商品的买卖环节与剩余价值的生产过程是两个不同的过程,伍德将资本主义经济运行中的两大关键环节混在一起;其次,在马克思看来,作为剩余价值产生的前提条件的资本家购买工人劳动力的交易本身的公正是形式上的,其平等性、公平性是虚伪的。

In the paper“The Marxian Critique of Justice”,Allen W.Wood proposes that Marx thinks that the possessor surplus value is just,or at least not unjust,which is the so-called Wood Thesis.In view of this thesis,the author puts forward refutation from two aspects.First,in Marx’s view,in the exchange process of capitalism,the trading link of labor force as a commodity and the production process of surplus value are two different key processes,which are mixed up by Wood.Secondly,from Marx’s point of view,as a prerequisite for the production of surplus value,the transaction of capitalists purchasing workers’labor force itself is just in form,and its equality and fairness are hypocritical.