基于CRISPR技术的新型冠状病毒检测方法与临床转化进展

Research and Clinical Translation Progress of SARS-CoV-2Detection Approaches Based on CRISPR Technology

自2019年首次报道因新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(Corona Virus Disease 2019,COVID-19)以来,COVID-19迅速在全球蔓延,给世界人民的工作和生活造成了严重的负面影响。最近,多篇文章报道了一种基于成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats,CRISPR)技术的检测方法,可对SARS-CoV-2进行快速、灵敏、特异性及可视化的现场检测。国内外已将基于CRISPR技术的检测方法进行临床应用且取得了良好的临床反馈。因此,基于CRISPR技术的SARS-CoV-2检测方法有望克服临床上现有逆转录实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)法的缺点,成为新一代SARS-CoV-2核酸检测的金标准。本文通过介绍基于CRISPR技术的SARS-CoV-2核酸检测方法研究与进展,综述了该技术的原理及临床应用情况,并对该技术未来发展进行了展望,以期推动其临床转化速度。

Since the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by the infection of SARS-CoV-2 was first reported in 2019,COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world,causing serious negative impacts on the daily life and work of people around the world.Recently,several studies on SARS-CoV-2 detection approaches based on Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR)technology have been reported,showing that CRISPR technology can be used to detect SARS-CoV-2 rapidly,sensitively,specifically,visually and on-site.There are already detection kits based on CRISPR technology in clinical application at home and abroad,and good clinical feedback has been obtained.Therefore,the SARS-CoV-2 detection method based on CRISPR technology is expected to overcome the shortcomings of the existing RT-PCR approach in clinical practice,and replace RT-PCR as the gold standard for the next generation of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection.In this article,the research and progress of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection methods based on CRISPR technology are introduced,the principle and clinical application of CRISPR technology are reviewed,and the future development of the technology is prospected in order to promote its clinical transformation speed.