秦人宗教信仰问题析论

Analysis on the Religious Belief of Qin People

秦人是指以秦嬴为核心的秦国、秦朝人。秦人所奉之神以白、青、黄、赤四帝为主,是一个庞大的神灵系统。秦人的宗教信仰,部分来源于对殷周宗教文化的继承,部分出于其自身的创设。秦人在中国历史上确立了畤祭和封禅等祭天形式。秦人自秦襄公开始,其信仰始终凸出白帝;在天地、祖宗神灵与皇帝的关系问题上,秦人秉持皇权大于神权的原则;同时,也具有明显的功利色彩,保存至今的《诅楚文》和《马禖》就是秦人宗教功利主义的典型表现。概而言之,秦人的宗教信仰始终是为其统一天下、巩固政权的政治目的服务的。

Qin people refer to Qin Dynasty and Qin people centering on Qin Ying.The Gods Qin people believe are four lords named White,Green,Yellow,Red,which is a large system of gods.The religious belief of the Qin people is partly derived from the inheritance of the religious culture of the Yin and Zhou Dynasties,and partly from their own creation.Qin people established the worship form in China history,such as Zhi Fiesta and Fengshan.Qin people began to mainly believe in White Lord from Xianggong.Qin people uphold the principle of the imperial power greater than theocratic power on the relationship between heaven and earth,ancestral gods and the emperor.At the same time,it also has the obvious utilitarian,the preserved curse Chu Wen and Ma Mei are typical manifestations of religious utilitarianism of the Qin people.In a word,the religious belief of the Qin people has always served for their political purpose of the unification of the world and the consolidation of political power.