邻避补偿机制的地方实践与思考——以环保基础设施为例

Local practice and reflections on the NIMBY compensation mechanism:with environmental protection infrastructure as the example

当前,因环保基础设施建设或运营引发的环境邻避事件呈高发频发态势。而邻避补偿具有利益调节和再分配功能,成为缓解公众邻避情绪、削减邻避冲突的重要政策手段。本文以环保基础设施为重点,研究邻避补偿机制的内涵,分析国内开展邻避补偿的进展情况和存在的突出问题等,并提出相关建议:加快建设邻避补偿政策体系;创新邻避补偿方式方法;将邻避补偿纳入项目决策环节;推动建立多方参与的协商机制;建立有效的监督机制等。

Currently,environmental events of NIMBY(Not In My Back Yard)effect caused by construction or operation of environmental protection infrastructure have grown increasingly frequent.NIMBY compensation,with interest adjustment and relocation function,has become an important policy instrument to ease the public NIMBY mood and solve related conflicts.In this paper,focusing on environmental protection infrastructure,the connotation of the NIMBY compensation mechanism was studied,and the progress and outstanding problems of such compensation in China were analyzed.Some related suggestions were put forward:complete the policy system of NIMBY compensation;create methods and approaches of NIMBY compensation;incorporate NIMBY compensation into project decision-making;establish a multi-party coordination mechanism;build an effective supervision mechanism,etc.