我国中药材种植模式研究进展

Research Progress of Planting Model of Chinese Materia Medica in China

我国中药材种植模式多种多样。近年来,在传统模式的基础上提出了不少新型模式。针对目前中药材种植模式种类繁多、部分种植模式概念含混、缺乏系统化梳理的现状,通过分析各种植模式间的共性与差异,对部分概念做出微调,以便对现有种植模式进行清晰分类。根据作物在空间及时间上布局的不同,将单作、套作、轮作等传统种植模式归纳为单一种植模式和多样性种植模式;根据人工干预程度的不同,基于中药材道地性理念,强调了中药材特有种植模式,如仿野生栽培模式的重要性;根据宏观指导理念的不同,阐述了规范化种植模式、定向培育模式等新型种植模式的意义,并对其有待完善之处进行了探讨。基于以上3个方面对中药材现有种植模式进行全面梳理,以期厘清各种植模式之间的区别与联系,推动中药材种植模式的系统化研究,加强对中药材生产实际的指导意义。

There are many kinds of planting models of Chinese materia medica in China,and on the basis of traditional models,many new models have been put forward in recent years.In view of the current situation that there are so many kinds of planting models of Chinese materia medica and some planting models are ambiguous and lack of systematic carding,this study makes fine adjustments to some concepts by analyzing the commonness and differences between various planting models so as to make clear classification of the existing planting models.According to the different spatial and temporal distribution of crops,the traditional planting models such as monoculture,interplanting and rotation are classified into single planting model and diversified planting model;according to the different degree of artificial intervention and based on the concept of geo-authentic features,the importance of the unique planting model of Chinese materia medica,such as bionic wild cultivation model is emphasized;according to the different macro guiding concepts,this paper expounds the significance of new planting models such as standardized planting model,directive breeding model and so on,and discusses the areas which need to be improved.Based on the above three aspects,this study comprehensively combed the existing planting models of Chinese materia medica,in order to clarify the differences and connections among the kinds of planting models,promote the systematic study of the planting models of Chinese materia medica,and strengthen the practical significance of guiding the production of Chinese materia medica.