摘要
为探究青藏高原地区抗落粒老芒麦种质的筛选及落粒率与农艺性状的关系,以15份采自青海不同地区的老芒麦种质资源为研究对象,对老芒麦的落粒率和农艺性状进行了变异分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、回归分析和聚类分析。结果表明:1)15份老芒麦资源自然落粒率存在明显差异,其中17-124的落粒最严重,平均落粒率为56.92%。以17-064和17-050的抗落粒性最强,落粒率分别为17.54%和18.63%,且各资源间落粒性存在较大遗传差异。2)各资源的动态落粒率表明从乳熟后第3天至第15天落粒率不断增加,且各时期存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。3)从各材料落粒率与农艺性状相关性分析结果来看,落粒率与小穗数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数为0.437。与穗轴节数、花序长、小穗宽和外稃长呈显著相关(P<0.05),而与花序宽呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与芒长呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。综合主成分分析和回归分析结果,小穗数、芒长和花序宽是影响落粒率的主要因素。4)15份资源通过农艺性状与落粒率被聚为4类,第Ⅰ类群平均落粒率较高,为41.24%,但小穗数多,单序籽粒数多;第Ⅱ类群和第Ⅳ类群落粒率低,仅为18.63%和17.54%,可作为低落粒种质筛选的候选材料;第Ⅲ类群平均落粒率高达42.41%,小穗数较多,单序籽粒数最少。
This research screened Elymus sibiricus germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau for anti-shattering traits and investigated the relationship between the degree of shattering and agronomic traits.Fifteen E.sibiricus germplasm lines collected in different regions of Qinghai were studied.Analysis of variance,correlation,principal component,regression and cluster analyses were carried out to evaluate the association between agronomic traits and the degree of shattering of E.sibiricus.The results showed that:1)There were significant differences in natural shattering rate between the 15 E.sibiricus germplasm lines.A line numbered 17-124 had the most severe shattering,with an average rate of 56.92%.Lines numbered 17-064 and 17-050 had the strongest shattering resistance,with rates of 17.54%and 18.63%,respectively,and there was a large genetic difference between the germplasm lines.2)Repeated measurements over time indicate that the shattering in each germplasm line indicates that the shattering rate continues to increase from the third day to the fifteenth day after the‘milk’stage of grain ripening,and there were extremely significant differences in shattering between maturity stages(P<0.01).3)There was a significant positive correlation(coefficient 0.437,P<0.01)between the number of spikelets and the shattering rate.There were also significant positive correlations between the fringe number,length of inflorescence,spikelet width and lemma length and shattering(P<0.05),an extremely significant negative correlation between inflorescence width(P<0.01),and a significant negative correlation between awn length and shattering(P<0.05).Combining the results of principal component analysis and regression analysis,number of spikelets,awn length and inflorescence width were the main factors that affected the shattering rate.4)The 15 germplasm lines were clustered into 4 groups by agronomic traits and shattering rate:GroupⅠincluded the genotypes which exhibited a high shattering rate averaging 41.24%,together with a high number of spikelets and seeds per inflorescence;GroupⅡand GroupⅣincluded genotypes with low shattering rates averaging only 18.63%and 17.54%,respectively.These can be used as candidate materials for screening of low-shattering germplasm;GroupⅢincluded genotypes with a high shattering rate averaging 42.41%,and with a high number of spikelets per spike,but with the least spikelets per inflorescence.
作者
吴瑞
刘文辉
张永超
秦燕
魏小星
刘敏洁
WU Rui;LIU Wen-hui;ZHANG Yong-chao;QIN Yan;WEI Xiao-xing;LIU Min-jie(Key Laboratory of Utilizing Excellent Forage Germplasm Resources in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期130-139,共10页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
青海省科技厅重点实验室发展专项(2020-ZJ-Y03)
青海省“高端创新人才计划”
青海省科技厅基础研究项目(2018-ZJ-968Q)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-34)资助。
关键词
青藏高原
老芒麦
落粒性
农艺性状
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Elymus sibiricus
seed shattering
agronomic traits