创造性思维在数学教材中的呈现研究——以人教版小学数学教材为例

A study on the presentation of creative thinking in mathematics textbooks:taking the primary mathematics textbooks(PEP)as examples

创造性思维是学生应对未来多变世界的必备素养,是数学课程标准所确立的重点课程目标.对人教版小学数学全套12册教材中创造性思维的呈现进行定量研究发现:创造性思维各维度在人教版小学数学教材中均有呈现,尤为重视聚合思维;创造性思维各维度的呈现存在年级差异,且出现了"四年级现象";创造性思维的呈现存在课程领域差异,各维度在统计与概率及综合与实践的呈现比例远高于数与代数及图形与几何.重视发散思维与横向思维的独特价值,适当提高在数学教材中的呈现比例;依据学生创造性思维发展的心理特点,完善创造性思维在各年级的呈现比例;综合考虑不同课程领域的内容特征,改善创造性思维在各课程领域的呈现比例,均是未来教材改革的方向.

Creative thinking(CT)was regarded as a necessary quality for students to cope with the changing world in the future.It was an important curriculum goals set by the mathematics curriculum standards.Based on a quantitative analysis of the full set of 12 primary mathematics textbooks(PEP Edition),it was found that all dimensions of CT were presented in the textbooks of PEP,but the emphasis was usually placed on convergent thinking ability.There were grade differences in various dimensions of CT,and there was a fourth-grade phenomenon.There were differences in the presentation of CT in the curriculum field,and the proportion of each dimension in the presentation of probability,statistics and comprehensive practice activities was much higher than that of number,algebra,graph and geometry.It was suggested that considerable attention should be paid to the unique value of divergent thinking and lateral thinking,and the proportion in mathematics textbooks should also be appropriately improved;According to the psychological characteristics of students′CT development,it was also suggested that the proportion of CT in each grade should be improved while considering the content characteristics of different curriculum fields comprehensively.It was further suggested that the proportion of CT should be improved in each curriculum field and it should be a direction of the future textbook reform.