基于馆藏标本的文冠果资源分布研究

Resource distribution of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge. based on specimens

文冠果是我国特有的木本油料树种,单属单种,具有较高的经济价值、药用价值和生态价值。为系统研究文冠果在我国的地理分布和资源特点,通过调研国内外主要标本馆的馆藏标本(或者数字化标本信息)和已有文献,分析了文冠果的地理分布格局与主要分布区的资源特点。基于对收集的1 182份文冠果标本的分析结果表明:文冠果主要分布于我国西北、东北和华北地区的21个省、自治区和直辖市,分布区域广、海拔差异大;不同地区文冠果花、果实形态大小存在差异,陕西地区采集标本的平均果实直径明显大于其他地区;部分文冠果标本的采集地、采集时间等信息不全,少量标本由于采集或管理不当导致标本不完整。该研究为利用数字化标本资源研究特色油料植物的资源分布情况提供了新的思路和方法。

Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge.,a single-genus and a single-species,is a unique woody oil tree species in China, which has high economic, medicinal and ecological value. In order to systematically study the geographical distribution and resource characteristics of X. sorbifolium Bunge. in China,the geographical distribution pattern and resource characteristics of the main distribution areas of X. sorbifolium Bunge. were analyzed by investigating the specimens( or digital specimen information) in the main herbariums and literatures at home and abroad. The results based on the 1 182 collected specimens showed that X. sorbifolium Bunge. was mainly distributed in 21 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities in Northwest,Northeast and North China with wide distribution areas and large altitude differences. There were differences in flowering and fruit morphology in different regions,and the average fruit diameter of samples collected in Shaanxi was significantly larger than that in other regions. The collection place,time and other information of some specimens were incomplete,and a few samples were incomplete due to improper collection or management. The study provided a new idea and approach for studying the resource distribution of distinctive oil plants by using digital specimen resources.