关于海南电网可再生能源发展的分析研究

Analysis and Research on Renewable Energy Development of Hainan Power Grid

系统梳理海南电网2015~2018年间水电、风电、光伏发电的建设与发展情况。海南陆域水能资源理论蕴藏量为10^(4)×10^(4)kW,技术可开发量为95×10^(4)kW。2018年底,水电装机达到154×10^(4)kW(含抽水蓄能),已超过"十三五"规划目标,其中常规水电装机为94×10^(4)kW,已达到技术可开发量的峰值。海南陆上风能处于Ⅳ类资源区,2018年底,风电装机容量达到"十三五"规划目标的97%,局部存在弃风现象。由于陆上风电发展与沿海岸线资源开发利用冲突,预计未来将不再考虑规划新建陆上风电场,而海上风电尚未进入实质性开发阶段。海南太阳能资源丰富,光伏可开发装机容量约700×10^(4)kW,2018年底,光伏装机容量已超过"十三五"规划目标,目前海南尚未布局分布式光伏。未来海南电网应合理利用大数据、云计算等新兴信息技术手段,重点在智能信息获取、状态实时评价及信息数据挖掘应用等方面取得突破。鼓励和引导分布式光伏发电发展,推进分布式光伏在产业园区的应用。风能可以利用海南独特的地理优势适当开发海上风能。水能则利用海南已有的小水电多、小、简单灵活的特点合理开发。

The construction and development of hydropower,wind power and photovoltaic power generation in Hainan power grid from 2015 to 2018 were systematically reviewed.The theoretical reserves of hydropower re-sources in Hainan land area are 10^(4)×10^(4)kW,and the technically exploitable hydropower resources are 95×10^(4)kW.By the end of 2018,the installed hydropower capacity including pumped storage reached 154×10^(4)kW,exceeding the target of the 13 th Five-Year Plan,among which the installed conventional hydropower capacity was 94×10^(4)kW,reaching the peak of the technical exploitable amount.The onshore wind power in Hainan is in CategoryⅣresource area.By the end of 2018,the installed wind power capacity reached 97%of the target of the 13 th Five-Year Plan,and there was wind curtailment in some places.Due to the conflict between the development of onshore wind power and the development and utilization of coastal resources,it is expected that the planning of new onshore wind farms will not be considered in the future,while the offshore wind power has not entered the substantive development stage.Hainan is rich in solar energy resources,with an exploitable installed photovoltaic capacity of about 700×10^(4)kW.By the end of 2018,the installed photovoltaic capacity exceeded the target of the 13 th Five-Year Plan.Up to now,distributed photovoltaic has not been arranged in Hainan.In the future,Hainan Power Grid should make rational use of the emerging information technology means such as big data and cloud computing,and focus on making breakthroughs in intelligent information acquisition,real-time status evaluation and application of information data mining.The development of distributed photovoltaic power generation should be encouraged and guided,and the application of distributed photovoltaic in industrial parks should be promoted.The unique geographical advantages of Hainan can be used to properly develop offshore wind energy.Hydro energy can be rationally developed by taking advantage of the existing small hydropower stations in Hainan,which is numerous,small,simple and flexible.