燕山石化410t/h循环流化床锅炉磨损分析与防磨措施应用

Wear Analysis of 410t/h Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler in Yanshan and the Application of Anti-wear Measures

循环流化床锅炉作为高效清洁燃烧技术,具有广泛的应用前景,但磨损泄漏一直是困扰循环流化床锅炉长周期运行的一大技术难题。燕山石化DG410/12.7-Ⅱ1循环流化床锅炉于2014年投产,实际运行中在前墙水冷壁、炉膛四角、旋风分离器靶区及防磨梁等位置先后发生泄漏。以该锅炉磨损治理过程为例,挖掘该锅炉运行中存在的突出问题,根据循环流化床锅炉磨损原理,从磨损方式、主要影响因素及易发生磨损部位等方面开展详细分析,制定了严控入炉煤质和入炉粒径分布,将床压控制在7~10kPa,一次风量<180000m3/h(标准),含氧量控制≤4%以下的优化控制方案,同时通过应用防磨梁、金属喷涂、合金熔敷等防磨技术,采取耐火材料优化与加强SNCR系统管理等措施,该锅炉运行周期得到了有效提升,运行时间从不足四个月达到一年以上。通过对各种防磨技术措施实际应用情况进行分析对比,得出防止该锅炉磨损的有效控制措施。

Circulating fluidized bed(CFB)boiler,as an efficient clean combustion technology,has a wide application prospect,but wear and leakage has always been a major technical problem that troubles the long cycle operation of CFB boiler.The DG410/12.7-Ⅱ1 CFB boiler in Yanshan was put into production in 2014,and in actual operation,leakage occurred successively in the front wall water wall,the four corners of furnace,the target zone of cyclone separator and the anti-wear beam.The wear treatment of this boiler was tak-en as an example to explore the outstanding problems in the operation of this boiler.A detailed analysis was carried out from the aspects of wear mode,main influencing factors and wear-prone parts based on the principle of CFB boiler wear,and an optimum control scheme of strictly controlling the charging coal quality and particle size distribution and maintaining the bed pressure at 7-10 kPa,the primary airflow below 180000 Nm3/h and the oxygen below 4%or less was developed.At the same time,by adopting anti-wear beam,metal spraying,alloy cladding and other anti-wear technologies and taking measures such as optimizing refractories and strengthening SNCR system management,the operation cycle of the boiler was effectively prolonged from less than four months to more than one year.Through the analysis and comparison of the actual application of various anti-wear measures,effective control measures to prevent the boiler from wearing were obtained.