甘肃省15~24岁青少年健康素养水平及影响因素的调查

Investigation of health literacy level and its influencing factors among adolescents aged 15-24 years in Gansu Province,2017

目的了解甘肃省15~24岁青少年健康素养水平分布状况,并探索其影响因素,为青少年制定健康教育干预策略和措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法,抽取全省87个县(市、区)15~69岁常住居民23490人进行调查,其中15~24岁青少年2019人。采用问卷调查法调查居民健康素养水平。问卷内容包括人口学资料与健康素养相关问题等两大类,并采用logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果2017年甘肃省15~24岁青少年健康素养水平为12.09%;基本知识和理念素养水平为21.94%,健康生活方式与行为素养水平为14.02%,基本健康技能素养水平为13.62%;6类健康问题素养水平由高到低依次为:科学健康观素养为36.95%、安全与急救素养为37.35%、健康信息素养为21.74%、传染病防治素养为18.13%、基本医疗素养水平为16.05%、慢性病防治素养水平为15.30%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别和文化程度是健康素养水平的主要影响因素。结论甘肃省15~24岁青少年健康素养水平较低,应加强健康教育和监测研究,并制定有效对策和措施,提高健康素养水平。

Objective To understand the distribution of health literacy levels among the residents aged 15 to 24 years in Gansu Province,and explore the influencing factors,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the health educa-tion intervention strategies and measures in adolescents.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling methodwas used to sample 23490 permanent residents aged 15-69 years from 87 counties in Gansu Province,including 2019 young people aged 15-24 years.The questionnaire survey method was used to investigate the residents’health literacy level.The questionnaire included the demographic data and health literacy related issues,and the results were analyzed by thelogistic regression method for the influencing factors.Results In 2017,the health literacy level of residents aged 15-24 years in Gansu Province was 12.09%.The basic knowledge and conceptual literacy level was 21.94%,the healthy lifestyleand behavioral literacy level was 14.02%,and the basic health skill literacy level was 13.62%.The literacy levels of the sixtypes of health problems from high to low were the safety and first aid literacy level(37.35%),the scientific health view literacylevel(36.95%),the health information literacy level(21.74%),the infectious disease literacy level(18.13%),the basicmedical care literacy level(16.05%),and the chronic disease prevention and control literacy level(15.30%).The logisticregression analysis suggested that the gender and educational level were the main influencing factors of health literacy level.Conclusion The level of health literacy of residents aged 15-24 years in Gansu Province is low.Therefore,the health edu-cation and monitoring research should be strengthened,and the effective countermeasures should be formulated to improvethe level of health literacy.