南通市中学生痤疮相关知识水平调查及干预策略研究

Study of Investigation on Acne-related Knowledge Level and Intervention Strategies of Middle School Students in Nantong

目的:了解南通市某中学初一学生痤疮患病率及痤疮相关知识水平,探讨痤疮患病的影响因素以及不同的健康教育方法对提高痤疮青少年疾病相关知识水平的效果,为后续健康教育策略的制定提供依据。方法:①采用描述性横截面研究(n 0=407),以问卷形式对南通市某中学初一学生进行一般资料及痤疮相关知识水平的调查;②采用类实验研究方法,将患痤疮的学生分为两组(干预组n_(1)=80,对照组n_(2)=75),以问卷形式在干预实施前(t_(0))及实施后1个月(t_(1))、6个月(t_(2))对两组进行痤疮相关知识水平的调查。结果:南通市某中学初一学生患病率为46.8%,性别、BMI是痤疮与否的差异因素(P<0.05);知识问卷得分(10.6±4.43)分,正确率为44.17%;两种健康教育方式(发放健康教育手册及以互联网和家长为媒介的干预)均能提高痤疮学生的知识水平,其中后者提高知识效果更好。结论:初一学生痤疮患病率居中等水平,对痤疮相关知识了解不足,应对青少年采用多种方法相结合的方式进行健康教育,建议将皮肤科专业医师纳入学校常规体检人员范畴,提高青少年痤疮相关知识水平,降低患病率及瘢痕等后遗症的发生。

Objective To understand the prevalence rate of acne and the level of acne-related knowledge among the Grade 7 junior high school students in Nantong,and to explore the influencing factors of acne and find out the effect way of health education methods on improving the level of acne-related knowledge in adolescents,thus to provide a basis for the formulation of acne health education strategies.Methods①A descriptive cross-sectional study(n 0=407)was used to investigate the general data and acne-related knowledge level of Grade 7 junior high school students in Nantong in the form of questionnaire.②By using the quasi-experimental method,the students with acne were divided into two groups(intervention group n_(1)=80,control group n_(2)=75).The level of acne related knowledge in the two groups was investigated by questionnaire before the implementation of the intervention(t_(0))and 1 month(t_(1))and 6 months(t_(2))after the implementation of the intervention.Results The prevalence rate of Grade 7 junior high school students in Nantong was 46.8%,gender and BMI were the difference factors of acne or not(P<0.05),the correct rate of knowledge questionnaire was 44.17%(10.60±4.43)points.Two methods of health education(distribution of health education manuals and intervention through parents based on the interne)can improve the knowledge level of acne students,of which the latter is more effective.Conclusion The prevalence rate of acne in Grade 7 of junior high school is in the middle level,and there is a lack of knowledge about acne.Teenagers should adopt a combination of methods to carry out health education based on the education objective,and dermatologists should be included in the routine physical examination in schools,aims to improve the level of acne-related knowledge in adolescents,thus to reduce the prevalence rate and scar occurrence.