不同形式的种植覆盖义齿对无牙颌基托形变的影响

Influence of Denture Base Deformation with Different Attachments of Implant Overdentures

目的:探讨不同形式的附着体对种植覆盖义齿基托形变的影响。方法:选取笔者医院口腔科2015年1月-2018年12月收治的30例下颌无牙颌患者,所有患者经双种植体植入治疗6个月后根据相应适应证分别给予杆卡式种植覆盖义齿(A组,n=10例)、球帽式种覆盖义齿(B组、n=10例)、弹性伸缩式(Locator)种植覆盖义齿(C组,n=10例),采用线性应变仪于佩戴义齿3个月后分别测量无食物咬合、软食物咬合、硬食物咬合过程中对义齿基托形变的影响。结果:在无食物咬合期A组1、2、3、4、5、6号通道微应变显著强于B、C组(P<0.05),B组1、2号通道微应变显著强于C组(P<0.05),3、4、5、6号通道微应变显著弱于C组(P<0.05);在硬食物咬合期A组1、2、3、4、5号通道微应变显著强于B、C组(P<0.05),B组1、4号通道微应变显著强于C组(P<0.05),5号通道微应变显著弱于C组(P<0.05);在软食物咬合期A组1、2、3、4、5号通道微应变显著强于B、C组(P<0.05),B组6号通道微应变显著强于C组(P<0.05),2、4、5号通道微应变显著弱于C组(P<0.05)。结论:建议将球帽式种植覆盖义齿以及弹性伸缩式(Locator)种植覆盖义齿用于下颌无牙颌患者双种植体植入治疗,可降低义齿基托变形风险。

Objective To investigate the influence of denture base deformation with different attachments of implant overdentures.Methods 30 edentulous mandible patients received implants in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were enrolled,and divided into three groups according to the corresponding indications after 6mon of treatment,each with 10 cases.Group A received bar implant overdentures,group B received stud implant overdentures,and group C received Locator implant overdentures.After wearing each implant overdenture for 3 months,effect strain registrations on denture base deformation were evaluated during clenching without food and during clenching on soft and hard foods.Results Microstrain values at channel 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 during clenching without food of group A were significantly higher than those of group B and C(P<0.05).Microstrain values during clenching without food of group B at channel 1 and 2 were significantly higher than those of group C(P<0.05),and were significantly lower than those of group C at channel 3,4,5 and 6(P<0.05).Microstrain values at channel 1,2,3,4 and 5 during clenching on hard food of group A were significantly higher than those of group B and C(P<0.05).Microstrain values during clenching on hard food of group B at channel 1 and 4 were significantly higher than those of group C(P<0.05),and were significantly lower than those of group C at channel 5(P<0.05).Microstrain values at channel 1,2,3,4 and 5 during clenching on soft food of group A were significantly higher than those of group B and C(P<0.05).Microstrain values during clenching on soft food of group B at channel 6 were significantly higher than those of group C(P<0.05),and were significantly lower than those of group C at channel 2,4 and 5(P<0.05).Conclusion Stud and Locator attachments are recommended to be used for twoimplant mandibular over dentures as their associations with reduced denture base deformation.