锌浴中Sb、Co、Ni对热浸镀锌合金层组织的影响

Effect of Sb,Co,Ni on the Structure of Hot Dip Galvanized Alloy Layer in Zinc Bath

为了研究Q235钢热浸镀锌浴中Sb,Co,Ni元素的添加对合金镀层组织的影响,配制了19种不同的锌浴对Q235钢进行3 min热浸镀。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪等测试方法研究了锌浴中Sb,Co,Ni单组元的添加和多组元同时添加对合金镀层厚度的影响以及组织形貌的变化。结果表明:单独向锌浴添加Sb不能有效降低镀层厚度;单独添加一定量的Co和Ni可以抑制ζ相层的异常生长,起到减薄镀层厚度的作用;同时添加Sb、Co能够减薄镀层厚度,但减薄效果不如单独添加Co的,其组织形貌仍为硅反应性组织;同时添加Sb、Co、Ni,三者协同作用能够细化合金层组织,减薄镀层厚度,对硅反应性的控制效果明显,且在自由锌层中不会形成大量三元化合物。

For studying the effect of addition of Sb,Co,Ni elements on the structure of the coating alloy layer in the hot dip galvanizing bath of Q235 steel,19 kinds of different galvanizing baths were equipped for hot-dip galvanizing of Q235 steel for 3 min,respectively. The effects of Sb,Co,Ni single component addition and multi-component simultaneous addition in zinc bath on the thickness and morphology of the alloy coating were studied by means of optical microscope,scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer. Results showed that adding Sb to the zinc bath could not effectively reduce the thickness of the coating;adding a certain amount of Co and Ni could inhibit the abnormal growth of ζ phase layer and play a role in reducing the thickness of the coating. Meanwhile,adding Sb and Co could reduce the thickness of the coating,but the thinning effect was not as good as that with adding Co,the microstructure of which was still silicon reactive structure. Adding Sb,Co and Ni at the same time,the three elements would work together,which could refine the structure of the alloy layer and reduce the thickness of the coating. In addition,the effect of suppressing the reactivity of silicon was obvious,and a large number of ternary compounds could not be formed in the free zinc layer.