“裸×”中“裸”意义重构的体认语言学探讨

An Investigation into the Meaning Reconstruction of luǒin luǒ×from the Perspective of Embodied-Cognitive Linguistics

随着社会的发展,"裸×"中"裸"的意义也在变化,然而其变化与引申还不一样,可视为意义重构。在体认语言学观照下,探讨"裸×"中"裸"意义重构有助于揭示其意义演变的规律,从而更好地认识其实质。体认语言学强调,以体验和认知为出发点,以概念结构和形式结构为中心,探究语义的建构。"裸"的中心义是"没有东西包裹的",其中心义素是"没有",次中心义素是"包裹";"裸×"中"×"只是名词或动词,名词比动词稍多;成因是体认性的。"裸×"中"裸"的意义重构有4种情形:1)义素转换;2)脱落两个义素,只回补一个义素;3)脱落两个义素,回补两个义素;4)脱落一个义素后,没有回补义素。"裸×"中"裸"意义重构多为一个语法化和去语法化糅合并进的过程。"裸×"中"裸"所回补的义素在体验基础、主观化和语境支持下源自"×"所标记的事物或事件概念框架。

Along with the development of the society,the meaning of luǒ(裸)in luǒ×(裸×)is also in change.However,many a change in its meaning differs from the extension,which could be thought of as meaning reconstruction.An investigation into its meaning reconstruction based upon the present research and from the perspective of EmbodiedCognitive Linguistics helps with the revealing of the law of its meaning in change and better understanding of the nature of the change.Embodied-Cognitive Linguistics points out emphatically that the meaning construction could be investigated,starting from embodiment and cognition and focusing on the correspondence between conceptual structure and linguistic formal structure.The central meaning of luǒis"not wrapped with sth."The semantic central element of the central meaning is"not",and the secondary one is"sth.for wrapping".×in luǒ×only is either a noun or a verb,with the nouns being a little more than the verbs,and the causes are embodied and cognitive.The meaning reconstruction of luǒin luǒ×is classified into four cases:(a)the transformation of the semantic element;(b)two elements falling off and only one element supplemented;(c)two elements falling off and two elements supplemented;(d)one element falling off and no element supplemented.The meaning reconstruction of luǒin luǒ×is mainly the process of the mixture of grammaticalization and degrammaticalization.The supplemented elements originate from the THING or EVENT frame marked by the×in luǒ×under the condition of the user’s embodiment,subjectification and the context support.