无边界和易变职业生涯研究的知识演变和展望

Boundaryless and Protean Careers Research:The Evolution of the Intellectual Structure and Future Directions

数字经济的兴起改变了传统的雇佣方式,萌生了零工经济、共享员工等多种形态的无边界职业生涯模式,但职业研究是否会随之产生范式的转变尚未可知。基于Kuhn的科学哲学观和Pfeffer及Van Maanen关于管理学范式的辩论,采用文献计量学的定量文献综述法,对无边界和易变职业生涯研究领域2000—2019年间的知识基础和演变过程进行了刻画和总结。以Web of Science和中国知网的文献为数据样本,通过采用共被引分析和主题模型分析,刻画了此领域在国内外学术界上升的、传承的和新出现的研究热点及国内外学者关注的异同。研究的结果支持了管理学弱范式的观点,并针对数字经济尤其是零工经济的时代背景,提出了无边界和易变职业生涯研究未来的发展方向。

The rising of digital economy has changed traditional employment relationships,facilitating diverse formats of boundaryless careers,such as gig workers and shared employees.However,whether the paradigm of the research on boundaryless and protean careers has shifted accordingly remains unknown.Based on Kuhn's(1970)philosophy on science development,as well as Pfeffer(1993)and van Maanen's(1995)debates on paradigms in management,this paper maps the evolution of the intellectual structure of the field of boundaryless and protean careers during the period of 2000-2019 by using a quantitative literature review method called bibliometrics.Specifically,based on the data from Web of Science and CNKI,this paper uses co-citation analysis and topic model analysis to identify the intellectual themes which have increased,cumulated,or emerged over time.The paper also compares the knowledge base of the field in and out of China.The results provide the evidence on the weak paradigm in management studies,as well as the insights about the future direction of the research on boundaryless and protean careers especially in the rising of digital economy,such as gig economy.