需要层次护理对子宫肌瘤术后患者自护能力及幸福感的影响

The Effect of the Level of Nursing Care on the Self-care Ability and Well-being of Patients after Uterine Fibroids

目的探讨需要层次护理对子宫肌瘤术后患者自护能力及幸福感的影响。方法方便选择2018年2月—2019年2月在该院接受常规护理的44例子宫肌瘤术后患者纳入对照组,另选2019年3月—2020年2月在该院接受需要层次护理的45例子宫肌瘤术后患者纳入观察组。比较分析两组护理后临床指标(排气、自主活动及住院时间),护理前、护理3个月后自护能力(自护技能、自我概念、自护责任感、健康知识水平)及幸福感(整体生活满意度、消极情感频率、积极情感频率)。结果观察组[排气时间(0.73±0.12)d、自主活动时间(0.50±0.16)d、住院时间(4.83±1.20)d]均短于对照组[排气时间(0.98±0.15)d、自主活动时间(0.75±0.22)d、住院时间(7.96±2.18)d],差异有统计学意义(t=8.692、6.141、8.416,P<0.05);护理3个月后观察组[自护技能(38.01±6.47)分、自我概念(27.48±5.13)分、自护责任感(25.14±2.60)分、健康知识水平(68.49±1.90)分]等各项自护能力评分均比对照组高[自护技能(29.23±5.22)分、自我概念(20.16±4.07)分、自护责任感(18.21±2.38)分、健康知识水平(57.26±3.73)分],差异有统计学意义(t=7.036、7.447、13.108、17.956,P<0.05);干预后,观察组总体幸福感优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Z=2.332,P=0.020)。结论子宫肌瘤术后患者行需要层次护理有助于增强自护能力,提高幸福感,促进康复进程,缩短住院天数,值得日后深入研究。

Objective To explore the impact of the need for level of care on the self-care ability and well-being of patients after uterine fibroids.Methods 44 postoperative patients with uterine fibroids who received routine care in the hospital from February 2018 to February 2019 were conveniently selected and included in the control group,and 45 patients who received tiered care in the hospital from March 2019 to February 2020 were selected.Patients with uterine fibroids were included in the observation group.A comparative analysis of the two groups of post-nursing clinical indicators(exhaust gas,autonomous activities and length of stay in hospital),self-care ability(self-care skills,self-concept,self-care responsibility,health knowledge level)and well-being before and after 3 months of nursing(overall life satisfaction,frequency of negative emotions,frequency of positive emotions).Results The observation group[exhaust time(0.73±0.12)d,voluntary activity time(0.50±0.16)d,hospitalization time(4.83±1.20)d]were shorter than the control group[exhaust time(0.98±0.15)d,autonomous activity time(0.75±0.22)d,hospitalization time(7.96±2.18)d],the difference was statistically significant(t=8.692,6.141,8.416,P<0.05);after 3 months of nursing,observation group[self-care skills(38.01±6.47)points,self-concept(27.48±5.13)points,self-care responsibility(25.14±2.60)points,health knowledge level(68.49±1.90)points]and other self-care ability scores were higher than the control group[self-care skills(29.23±5.22)points,self-concept(20.16±4.07)points,self-care responsibility(18.21±2.38)points,health knowledge level(57.26±3.73)points],the difference was statistically significant(t=7.036,7.447,13.108,17.956,P<0.05).After the intervention,the overall well-being of the observation group was better than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=2.332,P=0.020).Conclusion Need-level care for patients with uterine fibroids after surgery can help enhance self-care ability,improve happiness,promote the recovery process,and shorten the length of stay in hospital.It is worthy of further research in the future.