养殖规模、外部约束与生猪养殖者亲环境行为采纳研究

Breeding scale,external restrictions and pig farmers’ pro-environmental behavior

生猪养殖者采纳亲环境行为对有效防治畜禽养殖面源污染至关重要。基于全国8省1484个生猪养殖者的调查数据,采用Logit和Tobit回归模型,探讨环境规制类外部约束和社会规范类外部约束对不同养殖规模生猪养殖者采纳亲环境行为的影响差异。结果表明:养殖规模越大,生猪养殖者采纳亲环境行为的概率越大;外部约束对生猪养殖者亲环境行为采纳具有显著的正向影响,其中,环境规制对大规模生猪养殖者的亲环境行为采纳影响显著,社会规范对小规模生猪养殖者亲环境行为采纳影响显著。因此,完善规模养殖的激励补贴政策、适度扩大生猪养殖规模、合理发挥环境政策和社会监督双重力量,因地制宜和因户制宜地引导养殖者自主采纳亲环境行为,对优化生猪养殖者行为决策、完善相关政策和推动养殖业持续发展具有重要意义。

The overlay effect of swine fever epidemic and environmental regulation policy has caused the market volatility of pig supply and demand in China,and the long-term high pig prices have led to a rebound in the scale of breeding,which is bound to pose new challenges to the protection of the ecological environment.Based on the survey data of 1484 pig farmers in 8 provinces,this research used Logit and Tobit regression models to explore the differences in the influence of external constraints such as environmental regulation and social norms on the adoption of pro-environmental behavior by pig farmers of different breeding scales.The study found that the larger the scale of breeding,the greater the probability of pig farmers to carry out pro-environmental behavior,and the more positive the external constraints affect the pro-environmental behavior of pig farmers.Among which,environmental regulation has a significant impact on the pro-environmental behavior of large-scale pig farmers,and social norms have a significant impact on the pro-environmental behavior of small-scale and medium-sized pig farmers.Therefore,it is of great significance to improve the incentive subsidy policy for large-scale breeding,to expand the scale of pig breeding moderately,to give full play to the dual forces of environmental policy and social supervision,and to guide farmers to practice pro-environmental behavior independently according to local conditions and household conditions,so as to optimize behavior decision of pig breeders,improve relevant policies and promote the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry.